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Belladonna and Opium
Overview
What is Belladonna and Opium?
Each belladonna and opium suppository contains (in a water-soluble base consisting of Polyethylene Glycol 400, 1450, 8000 and Polysorbate 60):
What does Belladonna and Opium look like?
What are the available doses of Belladonna and Opium?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Belladonna and Opium?
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How should I use Belladonna and Opium?
Belladonna and opium suppositories are used for relief of moderate to severe pain associated with ureteral spasm not responsive to non-narcotic analgesics and to space intervals between injections of opiates.
What interacts with Belladonna and Opium?
Do not use belladonna and opium suppositories in patients suffering from glaucoma, severe hepatic or renal disease, bronchial asthma, narcotic idiosyncrasies, respiratory depression, convulsive disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens and premature labor.
What are the warnings of Belladonna and Opium?
As with other agents which have anticonvulsant activity, when diazepam is used as an adjunct in treating convulsive disorders, the possibility of an increase in the frequency and/or severity of grand mal seizures may require an increase in the dosage of standard anticonvulsant medication. Abrupt withdrawal of diazepam in such cases may also be associated with a temporary increase in the frequency and/or severity of seizures.
What are the precautions of Belladonna and Opium?
Administer with caution to persons with a known idiosyncrasy to atropine or to atropinelike compounds; to persons known to be sensitive to or addicted to morphine or morphinelike drugs; to persons with cardiac disease, incipient glaucoma or prostatic hypertrophy. Caution should be used in the administration of this drug to elderly and debilitated patients and patients with increased intracranial pressure, toxic psychosis and myxedema.
Pregnancy Category C
Animal studies have not been conducted with belladonna and opium suppositories. It is also not known whether belladonna and opium suppositories can affect reproductive capacity. The active principles of belladonna and opium suppositories, atropine and morphine, are known to enter the fetal circulation. Regular use of opium alkaloids during pregnancy has resulted in addiction of the fetus leading to withdrawal symptoms in the neonate. Belladonna and opium suppositories therefore should be used by a pregnant woman with caution and only when clearly indicated.
Nursing Mothers
It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when belladonna and opium suppositories are administered to a nursing woman.
What are the side effects of Belladonna and Opium?
Belladonna may cause drowsiness, dry mouth, urinary retention, photophobia, rapid pulse, dizziness and blurred vision. Opium usage may result in constipation, nausea or vomiting. Pruritis and urticaria may occasionally occur.
What should I look out for while using Belladonna and Opium?
Do not use belladonna and opium suppositories in patients suffering from glaucoma, severe hepatic or renal disease, bronchial asthma, narcotic idiosyncrasies, respiratory depression, convulsive disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens and premature labor.
True addiction may result from opium usage. These preparations are not recommended for use in children.
What might happen if I take too much Belladonna and Opium?
As with morphine and related narcotics, overdosage is characterized by respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils and coma. Respiratory depression may be reversed by intravenous administration of naloxone hydrochloride. In addition, supportive measures such as oxygenation, intravenous fluids and vasopressors should be used as indicated. As with atropine derivatives, hot, dry, flushed skin; dry mouth and hyperpyrexia may occur.
How should I store and handle Belladonna and Opium?
Store Megestrol acetate oral suspension, USP between 20° to 25°C (68° to 77° F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Dispense in a tight container. Protect from heat.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (30 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color-coded and available in cartons of 12's.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (60 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color coded and available in cartons of 12's.Schedule II controlled substances-DEA order required.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (30 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color-coded and available in cartons of 12's.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (60 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color coded and available in cartons of 12's.Schedule II controlled substances-DEA order required.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (30 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color-coded and available in cartons of 12's.Belladonna (16.2 mg) and Opium (60 mg) suppositories are easy to open, color coded and available in cartons of 12's.Schedule II controlled substances-DEA order required.
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
Through its parasympatholytic action, atropine relaxes smooth muscle resulting from parasympathetic stimulation. It is the dl isomer of l-hyoscyamine and therefore exhibits the same clinical effects. It is, however, approximately one-half as active peripherally as lhyoscyamine, the latter being the major active plant alkaloid. The dl isomer atropine is formed during the process of isolation of the belladonna extract.
Morphine, the major active principle of powdered opium, is responsible for the action of powdered opium although the other alkaloids present also contribute to it. The sedative and analgesic action of morphine, the effect desired by inclusion in belladonna and opium suppositories of powdered opium, are thought to be due to the depressant effect on the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and medullary centers. In large doses, the opiates and their analogs also exhibit synaptic conduction in the spinothalamic tracts, depress the function of the reticular formation, the lemniscus and the thalamic relays, and inhibit spinal synaptic reflexes: but these inhibitor actions should not be elicited with therapeutic doses of the drug. Moderate doses of powdered opium should not alter the electroencephalogram.
The action of morphine consists mainly of a descending depression of the central nervous system. It exerts its analgesic action by increasing the pain threshold or the magnitude of stimulus required to evoke pain and by dulling the sensibility or reaction to pain. In addition to its action in abolishing pain, morphine induces a sense of well-being (euphoria) facilitating certain mental processes while retarding others. Upon absorption of morphine, oxidative dealkylation to produce nor-compounds appears to be the first step in the reaction sequence which imparts analgesia. Morphine is conjugated in the liver to form the 3-glucuronide which passes into the bile and is reabsorbed and excreted in the urine. The atropine effect of the belladonna extract serves to eliminate morphine induced smooth muscle spasm without affecting the sedative analgesic action of powdered opium.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Do not use belladonna and opium suppositories in patients suffering from glaucoma, severe hepatic or renal disease, bronchial asthma, narcotic idiosyncrasies, respiratory depression, convulsive disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens and premature labor.True addiction may result from opium usage. These preparations are not recommended for use in children.
Federal law prohibits transfer of this drug to any person other than the patient for whom it was prescribed.
Belladonna may cause drowsiness, dry mouth, urinary retention, photophobia, rapid pulse, dizziness and blurred vision. Opium usage may result in constipation, nausea or vomiting. Pruritis and urticaria may occasionally occur.
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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