Papaverine Hydrochloride

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Overview

What is Papaverine Hydrochloride?

Papaverine Hydrochloride, USP, is the hydrochloride of an alkaloid obtained from opium or prepared synthetically. It belongs to the benzylisoquinoline group of alkaloids. It does not contain a phenanthrene group as do morphine and codeine.

Papaverine Hydrochloride, USP, is 6,7-dimethoxy-1- veratrylisoquinoline hydrochloride and contains, on the dried basis, not less than 98.5% of CHNO•HCI. The molecular weight is 375.85. The structural formula is as shown.

Papaverine Hydrochloride occurs as white crystals or white crystalline powder. One gram dissolves in about 30 mL of water and in 120 mL of alcohol. It is soluble in chloroform and practically insoluble in ether.

Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, is a clear, colorless to pale-yellow solution.

Papaverine Hydrochloride, for parenteral administration, is a smooth-muscle relaxant that is available in vials containing 30 mg/mL. Each vial also contains edetate disodium 0.005%. The 10 mL vials also contain chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative. pH may be adjusted with sodium citrate and/or citric acid.

What does Papaverine Hydrochloride look like?

What are the available doses of Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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How should I use Papaverine Hydrochloride?

Papaverine is recommended in various conditions accompanied by spasm of smooth muscle, such as associated with acute myocardial infarction (coronary occlusion), angina pectoris, peripheral and pulmonary embolism, peripheral vascular disease in which there is a vasospastic element, or certain cerebral angiospastic states; and as in ureteral, biliary, or gastrointestinal colic.

Papaverine Hydrochloride may be administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The intravenous route is recommended when an immediate effect is desired, but the drug be injected over the course of 1 or 2 minutes to avoid uncomfortable or alarming side effects.

Parenteral administration of papaverine hydrochloride in doses of 1 to 4 mL is repeated every 3 hours as indicated. In the treatment of cardiac extrasystoles, 2 doses may be given 10 minutes apart.

What interacts with Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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What are the warnings of Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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What are the precautions of Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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What are the side effects of Papaverine Hydrochloride?

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What should I look out for while using Papaverine Hydrochloride?

Intravenous injection of papaverine is contraindicated in the presence of complete atrioventricular heart block. When conduction is depressed, the drug may produce transient ectopic rhythms of ventricular origin, either premature beats or paroxysmal tachycardia.

Papaverine Hydrochloride is not indicated for the treatment of impotence by intracorporeal injection. The intracorporeal injection of papaverine hydrochloride has been reported to have resulted in persistent priapism requiring medical and surgical intervention.

What might happen if I take too much Papaverine Hydrochloride?

How should I store and handle Papaverine Hydrochloride?

Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, 30 mg/mL0517-4002-25 2 mL Vial packaged in boxes of 250517-4010-01 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial* packaged individually*The 10 mL Multiple Dose Vial contains chlorobutanol 0.5% as a preservative.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).PROTECT FROM LIGHT. AMERICANREGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN4002Rev. 1/09

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

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Clinical Pharmacology

The most characteristic effect of papaverine is relaxation of the tonus of all smooth muscle, especially when it has been spasmodically contracted. Papaverine Hydrochloride apparently acts directly on the muscle itself. This relaxation is noted in the and and in the and .

The main actions of papaverine are exerted on cardiac and smooth muscle. Papaverine relaxes various smooth muscles, especially those of larger arteries; this relaxation may be prominent if spasm exists. The antispasmodic effect is a direct one and unrelated to muscle innervation, and the muscle still responds to drugs and other stimuli causing contraction. Papaverine has minimal actions on the central nervous system, although very large doses tend to produce some sedation and sleepiness in some patients. In certain circumstances, mild respiratory stimulation can be observed, but this is therapeutically inconsequential. Papaverine stimulates respiration by acting on carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors.

Papaverine relaxes the smooth musculature of the larger blood vessels, including the coronary, cerebral, peripheral, and pulmonary arteries. This action is particularly evident when such vessels are in spasm, induced reflexly or by drugs, and it provides the basis for the clinical use of papaverine in peripheral or pulmonary arterial embolism.

Experimentally in dogs, the alkaloid has been shown to cause fairly marked and long-lasting coronary vasodilatation and an increase in coronary blood flow. However, it also appears to have a direct inotropic effect and, when increased mechanical activity coincides with decreased systemic pressure, increases in coronary blood flow may not be sufficient to prevent brief periods of hypoxic myocardial depression.

Papaverine is effective by all routes of administration. A considerable fraction of the drug localizes in fat deposits and in the liver, with the remainder being distributed throughout the body. It is metabolized in the liver. About 90% of the drug is bound to plasma protein. Although estimates of its biologic half-life vary widely, reasonably constant plasma levels can be maintained with oral administration at 6 hour intervals. The drug is excreted in the urine in an inactive form.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

Intravenous injection of papaverine is contraindicated in the presence of complete atrioventricular heart block. When conduction is depressed, the drug may produce transient ectopic rhythms of ventricular origin, either premature beats or paroxysmal tachycardia.

Papaverine Hydrochloride is not indicated for the treatment of impotence by intracorporeal injection. The intracorporeal injection of papaverine hydrochloride has been reported to have resulted in persistent priapism requiring medical and surgical intervention.

Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection, USP, should not be added to Lactated Ringer’s Injection, because precipitation would result.

Papaverine Hydrochloride should be used with caution in patients with glaucoma. The medication should be discontinued if hepatic hypersensitivity with gastrointestinal symptoms, jaundice, or eosinophilia becomes evident or if liver function test values become altered.

The following side effects have been reported: general discomfort, nausea, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, constipation or diarrhea, skin rash, malaise, vertigo, headache, intensive flushing of the face, perspiration, increase in the depth of respiration, increase in heart rate, a slight rise in blood pressure, and excessive sedation.

Hepatitis, probably related to an immune mechanism, has been reported infrequently. Rarely, this has progressed to cirrhosis.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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Professional

Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72

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Interactions

A total of 440 drugs (1549 brand and generic names) are known to interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib). 228 major drug interactions (854 brand and generic names) 210 moderate drug interactions (691 brand and generic names) 2 minor drug interactions (4 brand and generic names) Show all medications in the database that may interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib).

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