Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate

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Overview

What is Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP is a clear, sterile, nonpyrogenic, solution of Caffeine Alkaloid.

Each mL contains: Caffeine (anhydrous) 125 mg; Sodium Benzoate (added to increase the solubility of Caffeine) 125 mg; Water for Injection, USP q.s. pH (range 6.5 to 8.5) adjusted with Hydrochloric Acid and/or Sodium Hydroxide. For intramuscular or slow intravenous administration only.

What does Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate look like?

What are the available doses of Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Sorry No records found.

What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Sorry No records found

How should I use Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection has been used in conjunction with supportive measure to treat respiratory depression associated with overdosage with CNS depressant drugs (e.g., narcotic analgesics, alcohol). However, because of questionable benefit and transient action, most authorities believe caffeine and other analeptics should not be used in these conditions and recommend other supportive therapy.

Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection may be administered by intramuscular or slow intravenous injection.

Some clinicians suggest that when used as a mild CNS stimulant to overcome fatigue, oral doses of 100-200 mg of anhydrous caffeine are required. One manufacturer recommends that citrated caffeine be administered orally in dosages of 65-325 mg (about 32-162 mg of anhydrous caffeine) 3 times daily. Another manufacturer recommends an oral dosage of 250 mg of anhydrous caffeine in an extended-release formulation once daily, but warns that the drug should not be administered less than 6 hours before retiring.

Analeptic use of caffeine is strongly discouraged by most clinicians. However, the manufacturer of Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection recommends intramuscular, or in emergency respiratory failure, intravenous injection of 500 mg of the drug (about 250 mg of anhydrous caffeine) or a maximum single dose of 1 gram (about 500 mg of anhydrous caffeine) for the treatment of respiratory depression associated with overdosage of CNS depressants, including narcotic analgesics and alcohol, and with electric shock.

The usual dose is 0.5 g (7 ½ grains) as frequently as directed by the physician. The maximum safe dose is 0.5 g and the total dose in 24 hours should rarely exceed 2.5 g.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

What interacts with Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

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What are the warnings of Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

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What are the precautions of Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

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What are the side effects of Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Sorry No records found

What should I look out for while using Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

None known.

What might happen if I take too much Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Acute toxicity involving caffeine has been reported rarely. Mild delirium, insomnia, diuresis, dehydration, and fever commonly occur with overdosage. More serious symptoms of overdosage include cardiac arrhythmias and clonic-tonic convulsions. In adults, IV doses of 57 mg/kg of body weight and oral doses of 18.50 grams have been fatal. In one 5-year-old patient, death occurred following oral ingestion of approximately 3 grams of caffeine. Convulsions may be treated with IV administration of diazepam or a barbiturate such as pentobarbital sodium.

How should I store and handle Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate?

Topiramate extended-release capsules should be stored in well-closed containers at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Protect from moisture and light.Topiramate extended-release capsules should be stored in well-closed containers at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Protect from moisture and light.Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection, USP 250 mg/mLNDC 0517-2502-10 2 mL Single Dose Vials Packed in boxes of 10.Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30"C (59°-86°F) (See USP Controlled Room Temperature).AMERICAN REGENT, INC.SHIRLEY, NY 11967IN2502Rev. 11/05

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

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Clinical Pharmacology

Caffeine is pharmacologically similar to the other xanthine drugs, such as theobromine and theophylline; however, these three agents differ in the intensity of their actions on various structures. Caffeine's CNS and skeletal muscle effects are greater than those of the other xanthines. In all other areas, theophylline has greater activity than caffeine, although some studies report that caffeine has greater diuretic effect than theobromine. The increased levels of intracellular cyclic-AMP mediate most of caffeine's pharmacologic actions. Caffeine competitively inhibits phosphodiesterase, the enzyme that degrades cyclic 3'- 5' adenosine monophosphate. Caffeine stimulates all levels of the CNS. Caffeine's cortical effects are milder and of shorter duration than those of the amphetamines. In slightly larger doses, caffeine stimulates medullary vagal, vasomotor and respiratory centers, promoting bradycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased respiratory rate.

Caffeine produces a positive inotropic effect of the myocardium and a positive chronotropic effect at the sinoatrial node, causing transient increases in heart rate, force of contraction, cardiac output and heart work. In doses greater than 250 mg, the centrally mediated vagal effects of caffeine may be masked by increased sinus rates; tachycardia, extrasystoles, or other major ventricular arrhythmias may result.

Caffeine constricts cerebral vasculature. In contrast, the drug directly dilates peripheral blood vessels, decreasing peripheral vascular resistance. The effect of this decrease in peripheral vascular resistance (and possibly that of vagal cardiac stimulation) on blood pressure is offset by increased cardiac output (and possibly stimulation of the medullary vasomotor area). The overall effect of caffeine on heart rate and blood pressure depends on whether CNS or peripheral effects predominate. Therapeutic doses of caffeine increase blood pressure only slightly.

Caffeine stimulates voluntary skeletal muscle, increasing the force of contraction and decreasing muscular fatigue. The drug also stimulates gastric acid secretion from parietal cells. Caffeine increases renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate and decreases proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium and water, resulting in mild diuresis.

Caffeine stimulates glycogenolysis and lipolysis, but increase in blood glucose and in plasma lipids are insignificant in normal patients. Tolerance may develop to the diuretic, cardiovascular, and CNS effects of caffeine.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

None known.

No drug interactions have been identified. Studies with famotidine in man, in animal models, and have shown no significant interference with the disposition of compounds metabolized by the hepatic microsomal enzymes, e.g., cytochrome P450 system. Compounds tested in man include warfarin, theophylline, phenytoin, diazepam, aminopyrine and antipyrine. Indocyanine green as an index of hepatic drug extraction has been tested and no significant effects have been found.

Large doses of caffeine may produce headache, excitement, agitation, a condition resembling anxiety neurosis, scintillating scotoma, hyperesthesia, tinnitus, muscle tremors or twitches, diuresis, tachycardia, extrasystoles, and other cardiac arrhythmias. Further CNS depression may occur when already depressed patients are too vigorously treated with Caffeine and Sodium Benzoate Injection.

Caffeine and other xanthines may enhance the cardiac inotropic effects of ß-adrenergic stimulating agents. Caffeine has also been reported to increase its own metabolism and that of other drugs, including phenobarbital and aspirin. Caffeine produces false-positive elevations of serum urate as measured by the Bittner method. The drug also produces slight increases in urine levels of vanilamandelic acid (VMA), catecholamines, and 5-hydrocyindoleacetic acid. Because high urine levels of VMA or catecholamines may result in false-positive diagnosis of pheochromocytoma or neuroblastoma, caffeine intake should be avoided during tests for these disorders.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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Review

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Professional

Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72

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Interactions

A total of 440 drugs (1549 brand and generic names) are known to interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib). 228 major drug interactions (854 brand and generic names) 210 moderate drug interactions (691 brand and generic names) 2 minor drug interactions (4 brand and generic names) Show all medications in the database that may interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib).

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