Disclaimer:
Medidex is not a provider of medical services and all information is provided for the convenience of the user. No medical decisions should be made based on the information provided on this website without first consulting a licensed healthcare provider.This website is intended for persons 18 years or older. No person under 18 should consult this website without the permission of a parent or guardian.
Potassium Phosphates
Overview
What is Potassium Phosphates?
Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP 3 mM P/mL (millimoles/mL) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, containing a mixture of mono- and dibasic potassium phosphate in water for injection. The solution is administered after dilution by the intravenous route as an electrolyte replenisher. It must not be administered undiluted. Each milliliter contains 224 mg of monobasic potassium phosphate, anhydrous and 236 mg of dibasic potassium phosphate, anhydrous. One mM of phosphorus weighs 31 mg and the product provides 93 mg (approximately 3 mM) of phosphorus/mL, plus 170.3 mg (4.4 mEq) of potassium/mL. 1 mM P=1 mM PO. It contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer. The osmolar concentration is 7.4 mOsmol/mL (calc.). The solution is intended as an alternative to sodium phosphate to provide phosphorus for addition to large volume infusion fluids for intravenous use.
Monobasic Potassium Phosphate, NF (monopotassium phosphate), anhydrous is chemically designated KHPO, colorless crystals or white granular powder freely soluble in water.
Dibasic Potassium Phosphate, USP (dipotassium phosphate), anhydrous is chemically designated KHPO, white granules very soluble in water.
What does Potassium Phosphates look like?
What are the available doses of Potassium Phosphates?
Sorry No records found.
What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Potassium Phosphates?
Sorry No records found
How should I use Potassium Phosphates?
Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, 3 mM P/mL is indicated as a source of phosphorus, for addition to large volume intravenous fluids, to prevent or correct hypophosphatemia in patients with restricted or no oral intake. It is also useful as an additive for preparing specific intravenous fluid formulas when the needs of the patient cannot be met by standard electrolyte or nutrient solutions. The concomitant amount of potassium (K 4.4 mEq/mL) must be calculated into total electrolyte dose of such prepared solutions.
Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP 3 mM P/mL is administered intravenously . The dose and rate of administration are dependent upon the individual needs of the patient. Serum potassium, inorganic phosphorus and calcium levels should be monitored as a guide to dosage. Using aseptic technique, all or part of the contents of one or more vials may be added to other intravenous fluids to provide any desired number of millimoles (mM) of phosphorus.
In adult patients receiving TPN (total parenteral nutrition), a dose of 12 to 15 mM phosphorus is recommended for each 500 mL of 50% Dextrose Injection, USP administered. The amount of potassium which accompanies the addition of phosphorus as potassium phosphate also should be kept in mind and if necessary, serum potassium levels and/or electrocardiographic changes should be monitored.
The suggested dose of phosphorus for infants receiving TPN is 1.5 to 2 mM P/kg/day.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. See .
What interacts with Potassium Phosphates?
Potassium phosphate is contraindicated in diseases where high potassium, high phosphorus or low calcium levels may be encountered.
What are the warnings of Potassium Phosphates?
Severe hypertension has been reported rarely during Butorphanol Tartrate Nasal Spray therapy. In such cases, Butorphanol Tartrate Nasal Spray should be discontinued and the hypertension treated with antihypertensive drugs. In patients who are not opioid dependent, naloxone has also been reported to be effective.
Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, 3 mM P/mL must be diluted before use. To avoid potassium or phosphorus intoxication, infuse solutions containing potassium phosphate slowly. In patients with severe renal or adrenal insufficiency, administration of potassium phosphate may cause potassium intoxication. Infusing high concentrations of phosphorus may cause hypocalcemia and calcium levels should be monitored.
Solutions which contain potassium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia, severe renal failure and in conditions in which potassium retention is present.
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing potassium ions may result in potassium retention.
WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
What are the precautions of Potassium Phosphates?
Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact. Discard unused portion.
Phosphorus replacement therapy with potassium phosphate should be guided primarily by the serum inorganic phosphorus level and the limits imposed by the accompanying potassium (K) ion.
High plasma concentrations of potassium may cause death through cardiac depression, arrhythmias or arrest.
Use with caution in the presence of cardiac disease, particularly in digitalized patients or in the presence of renal disease.
Pregnancy Category C
What are the side effects of Potassium Phosphates?
Adverse reactions involve the possibility of combined potassium and phosphorus intoxication from overdosage. The signs and symptoms of potassium intoxication include paresthesias of the extremities, flaccid paralysis, listlessness, mental confusion, weakness and heaviness of the legs, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart block, electrocardiographic abnormalities such as disappearance of P waves, spreading and slurring of the QRS complex with development of a biphasic curve and cardiac arrest. Phosphorus intoxication results in a reduction of serum calcium and the symptoms are those of hypocalcemic tetany. See .
What should I look out for while using Potassium Phosphates?
Potassium phosphate is contraindicated in diseases where high potassium, high phosphorus or low calcium levels may be encountered.
Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, 3 mM P/mL must be diluted before use. To avoid potassium or phosphorus intoxication, infuse solutions containing potassium phosphate slowly. In patients with severe renal or adrenal insufficiency, administration of potassium phosphate may cause potassium intoxication. Infusing high concentrations of phosphorus may cause hypocalcemia and calcium levels should be monitored.
Solutions which contain potassium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia, severe renal failure and in conditions in which potassium retention is present.
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing potassium ions may result in potassium retention.
WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
bold
Drug Interactions:
What might happen if I take too much Potassium Phosphates?
In the event of overdosage, discontinue infusions containing potassium phosphate immediately and institute corrective therapy to restore depressed serum calcium and to reduce elevated serum potassium levels. See , and .
How should I store and handle Potassium Phosphates?
Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Protect from light. Store in a safe place out of the reach of children.Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP is supplied as follows:Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP is supplied as follows:Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
Phosphorus in the form of organic and inorganic phosphate has a variety of important biochemical functions in the body and is involved in many significant metabolic and enzyme reactions in almost all organs and tissues. It exerts a modifying influence on the steady state of calcium levels, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium and a primary role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ion.
Phosphorus is present in plasma and other extracellular fluid, in cell membranes and intracellular fluid, as well as in collagen and bone.
Phosphorus in the extracellular fluid is primarily in inorganic form and plasma levels may vary somewhat with age. The ratio of disodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate in the extracellular fluid is 4 to 1 (80% to 20%) at the normal pH of 7.4. This buffer ratio varies with the pH, but owing to its relatively low concentration, it contributes little to the buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid.
Phosphorus, present in large amounts in erythrocytes and other tissue cells, plays a significant intracellular role in the synthesis of high energy organic phosphates. It has been shown to be essential to maintain red cell glucose utilization, lactate production and the concentration of both erythrocyte adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and must be deemed as important to other tissue cells. Hypophosphatemia should be avoided during periods of total parenteral nutrition or other lengthy periods of intravenous infusions. Serum phosphorus levels should be regularly monitored and appropriate amounts of phosphorus should be added to the infusions to maintain normal serum phosphorus levels. Intravenous infusion of inorganic phosphorus may be accompanied by a decrease in the serum level and urinary excretion of calcium. The normal level of serum inorganic phosphorus is 3.0 to 4.5 mg/100 mL in adults; 4.0 to 7.0 mg/100 mL in children.
Potassium is the principal intracellular cation; it helps transport dextrose across the cell membrane and contributes to normal renal function. It has been suggested that 40 mEq potassium be used for every 1000 kcal of dextrose supplied to patients receiving total parenteral nutrition and 12 to 15 mM phosphorus for each 250 g of dextrose.
Intravenously infused phosphorus not taken up by the tissues is excreted almost entirely in the urine. Plasma phosphorus is believed to be filterable by the renal glomeruli and the major portion of filtered phosphorus (greater than 80%) is actively reabsorbed by the tubules. Many modifying influences tend to alter the amount excreted in the urine.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Potassium phosphate is contraindicated in diseases where high potassium, high phosphorus or low calcium levels may be encountered.Potassium Phosphates Injection, USP, 3 mM P/mL must be diluted before use. To avoid potassium or phosphorus intoxication, infuse solutions containing potassium phosphate slowly. In patients with severe renal or adrenal insufficiency, administration of potassium phosphate may cause potassium intoxication. Infusing high concentrations of phosphorus may cause hypocalcemia and calcium levels should be monitored.
Solutions which contain potassium ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia, severe renal failure and in conditions in which potassium retention is present.
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing potassium ions may result in potassium retention.
WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.
Array
Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact. Discard unused portion.
Phosphorus replacement therapy with potassium phosphate should be guided primarily by the serum inorganic phosphorus level and the limits imposed by the accompanying potassium (K) ion.
High plasma concentrations of potassium may cause death through cardiac depression, arrhythmias or arrest.
Use with caution in the presence of cardiac disease, particularly in digitalized patients or in the presence of renal disease.
Pregnancy Category C
Adverse reactions involve the possibility of combined potassium and phosphorus intoxication from overdosage. The signs and symptoms of potassium intoxication include paresthesias of the extremities, flaccid paralysis, listlessness, mental confusion, weakness and heaviness of the legs, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart block, electrocardiographic abnormalities such as disappearance of P waves, spreading and slurring of the QRS complex with development of a biphasic curve and cardiac arrest. Phosphorus intoxication results in a reduction of serum calcium and the symptoms are those of hypocalcemic tetany. See .
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
Review
Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of losartan oral.
Overall User Ratings
514Total User Reviews
User Reviews
Learn about
User Reviews
Professional
Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72Tips
Tips
Interactions
Interactions
A total of 440 drugs (1549 brand and generic names) are known to interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib). 228 major drug interactions (854 brand and generic names) 210 moderate drug interactions (691 brand and generic names) 2 minor drug interactions (4 brand and generic names) Show all medications in the database that may interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib).