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SULFACETAMIDE SODIUM, SULFUR
Overview
What is Avar-e Green?
Each gram contains 100 mg of sodium sulfacetamide and 50 mg of colloidal sulfur in a vehicle consisting of: benzyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, chromium oxide green, disodium EDTA, fragrance, glyceryl stearate (and) PEG-100 stearate, magnesium aluminum silicate, PEG-150 distearate, phenoxyethanol, polyethylene glycol 400, purified water, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, stearyl alcohol and xanthan gum.
Sodium sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide with antibacterial activity while sulfur acts as a keratolytic agent. Sodium sulfacetamide is C
H
N
NaO
S·H
O with molecular weight of 254.24. Chemically, sodium sulfacetamide is N-[(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl]-acetamide, monosodium salt, monohydrate. The structural formula is:
Sodium sulfacetamide is an odorless, white, crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It is freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, while practically insoluble in benzene, in chloroform and in ether.
What does Avar-e Green look like?
What are the available doses of Avar-e Green?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Avar-e Green?
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How should I use Avar-e Green?
This product is indicated for use in the topical control of acne vulgaris, acne rosacea and seborrheic dermatitis.
Cleanse affected areas. Apply a thin layer to the affected areas with light massaging, 1 to 3 times daily or as directed by a physician.
What interacts with Avar-e Green?
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What are the warnings of Avar-e Green?
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What are the precautions of Avar-e Green?
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What are the side effects of Avar-e Green?
Reports of irritation and hypersensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide are uncommon. The following adverse reactions, reported after administration of sterile ophthalmic sodium sulfacetamide, are noteworthy: instances of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and instances of local hypersensitivity which progressed to a syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus; in one case a fatal outcome was reported (see WARNINGS).
What should I look out for while using Avar-e Green?
This product is contraindicated in persons with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the product. This product is not to be used by patients with kidney disease.
Sulfonamides are known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome in hypersensitive individuals. Stevens-Johnson syndrome also has been reported following the use of sodium sulfacetamide topically. Cases of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus from topical sulfacetamide also have been reported. In one of these cases, there was a fatal outcome.
What might happen if I take too much Avar-e Green?
The oral LD
of sulfacetamide in mice is 16.5 g/kg. In the event of overdosage, emergency treatment should be started immediately.
Manifestations:
How should I store and handle Avar-e Green?
This product is supplied in the following size(s): 2 oz. (57 g) bottles, 0178-0460-02 To reportManufactured for: MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANY San Antonio, TX 78230 1355 This product is supplied in the following size(s): 2 oz. (57 g) bottles, 0178-0460-02 To reportManufactured for: MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANY San Antonio, TX 78230 1355 This product is supplied in the following size(s): 2 oz. (57 g) bottles, 0178-0460-02 To reportManufactured for: MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANY San Antonio, TX 78230 1355
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
The most widely accepted mechanism of action of sulfonamides is the Woods-Fildes theory, which is based on the fact that sulfonamides act as competitive antagonists to para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), an essential component for bacterial growth. While absorption through intact skin has not been determined, sodium sulfacetamide is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally and excreted in the urine, largely unchanged. The biological half-life has variously been reported as 7 to 12.8 hours.
The exact mode of action of sulfur in the treatment of acne is unknown, but it has been reported that it inhibits the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and the formation of free fatty acids.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
This product is contraindicated in persons with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the product. This product is not to be used by patients with kidney disease.Sulfonamides are known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome in hypersensitive individuals. Stevens-Johnson syndrome also has been reported following the use of sodium sulfacetamide topically. Cases of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus from topical sulfacetamide also have been reported. In one of these cases, there was a fatal outcome.
When probenecid is used to elevate plasma concentrations of penicillin, or other beta-lactams, or when such drugs are given to patients taking probenecid therapeutically, high plasma concentrations of the other drug may increase the incidence of adverse reactions associated with that drug. In the case of penicillin, or other beta-lactams, psychic disturbances have been reported.
The use of salicylates antagonizes the uricosuric action of probenecid (see ). The uricosuric action of probenecid is also antagonized by pyrazinamide.
Probenecid produces an insignificant increase in free sulfonamide plasma concentrations but a significant increase in total sulfonamide plasma levels. Since probenecid decreases the renal excretion of conjugated sulfonamides, plasma concentrations of the latter should be determined from time to time when a sulfonamide and probenecid and colchicine are coadministered for prolonged periods. Probenecid may prolong or enhance the action of oral sulfonylureas and thereby increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
It has been reported that patients receiving probenecid require significantly less thiopental for induction of anesthesia. In addition, ketamine and thiopental anesthesia were significantly prolonged in rats receiving probenecid.
The concomitant administration of probenecid increases the mean plasma elimination of half-life of a number of drugs which can lead to increased plasma concentrations. These include agents such as indomethacin, acetaminophen, naproxen, ketoprofen, meclofenamate, lorazepam, and rifampin. Although the clinical significance of this observation has not been established, a lower dosage of the drug may be required to produce a therapeutic effect and increases in dosage of the drug in question should be made cautiously and in small increments when probenecid is being coadministered. Although specific instances of toxicity due to this potential interaction have not been observed to date, physicians should be alert to this possibility.
Probenecid given concomitantly with sulindac had only a slight effect on plasma sulfide levels, while plasma levels of sulindac and sulfone were increased. Sulindac was shown to produce a modest reduction in the uricosuric action of probenecid, which probably is not significant under most circumstances.
In animals and in humans, probenecid has been reported to increase plasma concentrations of methotrexate (see ).
Falsely high readings for theophylline have been reported in an study, using the Schack and Waxler technique, when therapeutic concentrations of theophylline and probenecid were added to human plasma.
FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR OPHTHALMIC USE.
General:
Although rare, sensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide may occur. Therefore, caution and careful supervision should be observed when prescribing this drug for patients who may be prone to hypersensitivity to topical sulfonamides. If the use of this product produces signs of hypersensitivity or other untoward reactions, discontinue use of the preparation. Patients should be carefully observed for possible local irritation or sensitization during long-term therapy. Systemic toxic reactions such as agranulocytosis, acute hemolytic anemia, purpura hemorrhagica, drug fever, jaundice and contact dermatitis indicate hypersensitivity to sulfonamides. Particular caution should be employed if areas of denuded or abraded skin are involved. Systemic absorption of topical sulfonamides is greater following application to large, infected, abraded, denuded or severely burned areas. Under these circumstances, any of the adverse effects produced by the systemic administration of these agents could potentially occur, and appropriate observations and laboratory determinations should be performed.
The object of this therapy is to achieve desquamation without irritation, but sodium sulfacetamide and sulfur can cause reddening and scaling of the epidermis. These side effects are not unusual in the treatment of acne vulgaris, but patients should be cautioned about the possibility.
Information for Patients:
Drug Interactions:
Pharmacology:
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility:
Pregnancy:
Category C.
Nursing Mothers:
Pediatric Use:
Reports of irritation and hypersensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide are uncommon. The following adverse reactions, reported after administration of sterile ophthalmic sodium sulfacetamide, are noteworthy: instances of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and instances of local hypersensitivity which progressed to a syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus; in one case a fatal outcome was reported (see WARNINGS).
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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