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SODIUM SULFACETAMIDE, SULFUR
Overview
What is Avar LS?
Each gram contains 100 mg of sodium sulfacetamide and 20 mg of colloidal sulfur in a vehicle consisting of: benzyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, fragrance, glyceryl stearate (and) PEG-100 stearate, magnesium aluminum silicate, phenoxyethanol, propylene glycol, purified water, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium magnesium silicate, sodium thiosulfate, stearyl alcohol, and xanthan gum. This product also contains tetrafluoroethane (propellant).
Sodium sulfacetamide is a sulfonamide with antibacterial activity while sulfur acts as a keratolytic agent. Sodium sulfacetamide is C
H
N
NaO
S·H
O with molecular weight of 254.24. Chemically, sodium sulfacetamide is N-[(4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl]-acetamide, monosodium salt, monohydrate. The structural formula is:
Sodium sulfacetamide is an odorless, white,crystalline powder with a bitter taste. It is freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, while practically insoluble in benzene, in chloroform and in ether.
What does Avar LS look like?
What are the available doses of Avar LS?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Avar LS?
Sorry No records found
How should I use Avar LS?
This product is indicated for use in the topical control of acne vulgaris, acne rosacea and seborrheic dermatitis.
WASH-OFF APPLICATION
LEAVE-ON APPLICATION
What interacts with Avar LS?
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What are the warnings of Avar LS?
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What are the precautions of Avar LS?
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What are the side effects of Avar LS?
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What should I look out for while using Avar LS?
This product is contraindicated in persons with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the product. This product is not to be used by patients with kidney disease.
Sulfonamides are known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome in hypersensitive individuals. Stevens-Johnson syndrome also has been reported following the use of sodium sulfacetamide topically. Cases of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus from topical sulfacetamide also have been reported. In one of these cases, there was a fatal outcome.
What might happen if I take too much Avar LS?
The oral LD
of sulfacetamide in mice is 16.5 g/kg. In the event of overdosage, emergency treatment should be started immediately.
Manifestations:
How should I store and handle Avar LS?
Protect VISIPAQUE from direct exposure to sunlight.Store VISIPAQUE at controlled room temperature, 20°C-25°C (68°F-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].VISIPAQUE may be stored in a contrast media warmer for up to one month at 37°C (98.6°F).Do not freeze. Discard any product that is inadvertently frozen, as freezing may compromise the closure integrity of the immediate container.Protect VISIPAQUE from direct exposure to sunlight.Store VISIPAQUE at controlled room temperature, 20°C-25°C (68°F-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].VISIPAQUE may be stored in a contrast media warmer for up to one month at 37°C (98.6°F).Do not freeze. Discard any product that is inadvertently frozen, as freezing may compromise the closure integrity of the immediate container.Protect VISIPAQUE from direct exposure to sunlight.Store VISIPAQUE at controlled room temperature, 20°C-25°C (68°F-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].VISIPAQUE may be stored in a contrast media warmer for up to one month at 37°C (98.6°F).Do not freeze. Discard any product that is inadvertently frozen, as freezing may compromise the closure integrity of the immediate container.Protect VISIPAQUE from direct exposure to sunlight.Store VISIPAQUE at controlled room temperature, 20°C-25°C (68°F-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].VISIPAQUE may be stored in a contrast media warmer for up to one month at 37°C (98.6°F).Do not freeze. Discard any product that is inadvertently frozen, as freezing may compromise the closure integrity of the immediate container.This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355This product is supplied in the following size(s):3.5 oz. (100 g) cans, 0178-0653-01 To report Manufactured for:MISSION PHARMACAL COMPANYSan Antonio, TX 78230 1355
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
Sodium sulfacetamide exerts a bacteriostatic effect against sulfonamide sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms commonly isolated from secondary cutaneous pyogenic infections. It acts by restricting the synthesis of folic acid required by bacteria for growth, by its competition with para-aminobenzoic acid. There is no clinical data available on the degree and rate of systemic absorption of this product when applied to the skin or scalp. However, significant absorption of sodium sulfacetamide through the skin has been reported.
The following in vitro data is available but the clinical significance is unknown. Organisms that show susceptibility to sodium sulfacetamide are: Streptococci, Staphylococci, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Salmonella species, Proteus vulgaris, Nocardia and Actinomyces. The exact mode of action of sulfur in the treatment of acne is unknown, but it has been reported that it inhibits the growth of
and the formation of free fatty acids.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
This product is contraindicated in persons with known or suspected hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of the product. This product is not to be used by patients with kidney disease.Sulfonamides are known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome in hypersensitive individuals. Stevens-Johnson syndrome also has been reported following the use of sodium sulfacetamide topically. Cases of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus from topical sulfacetamide also have been reported. In one of these cases, there was a fatal outcome.
Drug Interactions:
It has been reported that allopurinol prolongs the half-life of the anticoagulant, dicumarol. The clinical basis of this drug interaction has not been established but should be noted when allopurinol is given to patients already on dicumarol therapy.
Since the excretion of oxipurinol is similar to that of urate, uricosuric agents, which increase the excretion of urate, are also likely to increase the excretion of oxipurinol and thus lower the degree of inhibition of xanthine oxidase. The concomitant administration of uricosuric agents and allopurinol has been associated with a decrease in the excretion of oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) and an increase in urinary uric acid excretion compared with that observed with allopurinol alone. Although clinical evidence to date has not demonstrated renal precipitation of oxypurines in patients either on allopurinol alone or in combination with uricosuric agents, the possibility should be kept in mind.
The reports that the concomitant use of allopurinol and thiazide diuretics may contribute to the enhancement of allopurinol toxicity in some patients have been reviewed in an attempt to establish a cause-and-effect relationship and a mechanism of causation. Review of these case reports indicates that the patients were mainly receiving thiazide diuretics for hypertension and that tests to rule out decreased renal function secondary to hypertensive nephropathy were not often performed. In those patients in whom renal insufficiency was documented, however, the recommendation to lower the dose of allopurinol was not followed. Although a causal mechanism and a cause-and-effect relationship have not been established, current evidence suggests that renal function should be monitored in patients on thiazide diuretics and allopurinol even in the absence of renal failure, and dosage levels should be even more conservatively adjusted in those patients on such combined therapy if diminished renal function is detected.
An increase in the frequency of skin rash has been reported among patients receiving ampicillin or amoxicillin concurrently with allopurinol compared to patients who are not receiving both drugs. The cause of the reported association has not been established.
Enhanced bone marrow suppression by cyclophosphamide and other cytotoxic agents has been reported among patients with neoplastic disease, except leukemia, in the presence of allopurinol. However, in a well-controlled study of patients with lymphoma on combination therapy, allopurinol did not increase the marrow toxicity of patients treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, bleomycin, procarbazine, and/or mechlorethamine.
Tolbutamide's conversion to inactive metabolites has been shown to be catalyzed by xanthine oxidase from rat liver. The clinical significance, if any, of these observations is unknown.
Chlorpropamide's plasma half-life may be prolonged by allopurinol, since allopurinol and chlorpropamide may compete for excretion in the renal tubule. The risk of hypoglycemia secondary to this mechanism may be increased if allopurinol and chlorpropamide are given concomitantly in the presence of renal insufficiency.
Rare reports indicate that cyclosporine levels may be increased during concomitant treatment with allopurinol. Monitoring of cyclosporine levels and possible adjustment of cyclosporine dosage should be considered when these drugs are co-administered.
General:
Although rare, sensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide may occur. Therefore, caution and careful supervision should be observed when prescribing this drug for patients who may be prone to hypersensitivity to topical sulfonamides. If the use of this product produces signs of hypersensitivity or other untoward reactions, discontinue use of the preparation. Patients should be carefully observed for possible local irritation or sensitization during long-term therapy. Systemic toxic reactions such as agranulocytosis, acute hemolytic anemia, purpura hemorrhagica, drug fever, jaundice and contact dermatitis indicate hypersensitivity to sulfonamides. Particular caution should be employed if areas of denuded or abraded skin are involved. Systemic absorption of topical sulfonamides is greater following application to large, infected, abraded, denuded or severely burned areas. Under these circumstances, any of the adverse effects produced by the systemic administration of these agents could potentially occur, and appropriate observations and laboratory determinations should be performed. The object of this therapy is to achieve desquamation without irritation, but sodium sulfacetamide and sulfur can cause reddening and scaling of the epidermis. These side effects are not unusual in the treatment of acne vulgaris, but patients should be cautioned about the possibility.
Information for Patients:
Drug Interactions:
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility:
Pregnancy:
Category C.
Nursing Mothers:
Pediatric Use:
Reports of irritation and hypersensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide are uncommon. The following adverse reactions, reported after administration of sterile ophthalmic sodium sulfacetamide, are noteworthy: instances of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and instances of local hypersensitivity which progressed to a syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus; in one case a fatal outcome was reported (see WARNINGS).
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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