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Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride
Overview
What is Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
This preparation is designed for parenteral use only after
addition of drugs that require dilution or must be dissolved in an aqueous
vehicle prior to injection.
Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile,
nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution of sodium chloride in water for injection. Each
milliliter (mL) contains sodium chloride 9 mg and 0.9% (9 mg/mL) benzyl alcohol
added as a bacteriostatic preservative. May contain hydrochloric acid for pH
adjustment. It is supplied in a multiple-dose container from which repeated
withdrawals may be made to dilute or dissolve drugs for medication. The pH is
5.0 (4.5 to 7.0).
Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline
powder freely soluble in water.
The semi-rigid vial is fabricated from a specially formulated polyolefin. It
is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene. The safety of the plastic has been
confirmed by tests in animals according to USP biological standards for plastic
containers. The container requires no vapor barrier to maintain the proper drug
concentration.
What does Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride look like?
What are the available doses of Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
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How should I use Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
This parenteral preparation is indicated only for diluting or dissolving drugs
for intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, according to
instructions of the manufacturer of the drug to be administered.
The volume of the preparation to be used for diluting or
dissolving any drug for injection, is dependent on the vehicle concentration,
dose and route of administration as recommended by the manufacturer.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter
and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container
permit. See PRECAUTIONS.
What interacts with Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Due to the potential toxicity of benzyl alcohol in neonates, solutions containing benzyl alcohol must not be used in this patient population.
Parenteral preparations with benzyl alcohol should not be used for fluid or sodium chloride replacement.
Parenteral preparations containing benzyl alcohol should not be used in epidural or spinal anesthetic procedures.
What are the warnings of Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
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What are the precautions of Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Consult the manufacturer's instructions for choice of vehicle, appropriate dilution or volume for dissolving the drugs to be injected, including the route and rate of injection.
Inspect reconstituted (diluted or dissolved) drugs for clarity (if soluble) and freedom from unexpected precipitation or discoloration prior to administration.
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. It is also not known whether Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection containing additives can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection containing additives should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population are based on the similarity of the clinical conditions of the pediatric and adult populations. However, due to potential toxicity of benzyl alcohol in neonates, solutions containing benzyl alcohol are contraindicated in this patient population.
Drug Interactions
Some drugs for injection may be incompatible in a given vehicle, or when combined in the same vehicle or in a vehicle containing benzyl alcohol. Consult with pharmacist, if available.
Use aseptic technique for single or multiple entry and withdrawal from all containers.
When diluting or dissolving drugs, mix thoroughly and use promptly.
Do not store reconstituted solutions of drugs for injection unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer of the solute.
Do not use unless the solution is clear and seal intact.
What are the side effects of Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Reactions which may occur because of this solution, added drugs
or the technique of reconstitution or administration include febrile response,
local tenderness, abscess, tissue necrosis or infection at the site of
injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection
and extravasation.
If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the
patient, institute appropriate countermeasures, and if possible, retrieve and
save the remainder of the unused vehicle for examination.
Although adverse reactions to intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous
injection of 0.9% benzyl alcohol are not known to occur in man, experimental
studies of small volume parenteral preparations containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol
in several species of animals have indicated that an estimated intravenous dose
up to 30 mL may be safely given to an adult without toxic effects.
Administration of an estimated 9 mL to a 6 kg neonate or infant is potentially
capable of producing blood pressure changes.
What should I look out for while using Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Due to the potential toxicity of benzyl alcohol in neonates,
solutions containing benzyl alcohol must not be used in this patient
population.
Parenteral preparations with benzyl alcohol should not be used for fluid or
sodium chloride replacement.
Parenteral preparations containing benzyl alcohol should not be used in
epidural or spinal anesthetic procedures.
Benzyl alcohol, a preservative in Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP
has been associated with toxicity in neonates. Data are unavailable on the
toxicity of other preservatives in this age group. Preservative-free Sodium
Chloride Injection should be used for flushing intravascular catheters. Where a
sodium chloride solution is required for preparing or diluting medications for
use in neonates, only preservative-free Sodium Chloride Injection should be
used.
What might happen if I take too much Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Use only as a diluent or solvent. This parenteral preparation is unlikely to
pose a threat of sodium chloride or fluid overload except possibly in neonates
and very small infants. In the event these should occur, re-evaluate the patient
and institute appropriate corrective measures. See PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE
REACTIONS.
How should I store and handle Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride?
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. The USP defines controlled room temperature as a temperature maintained thermostatically that encompasses the usual and customary working environment of 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); that results in a mean kinetic temperature calculated to be not more than 25°C; and that allows for excursions between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F) that are experienced in pharmacies, hospitals, and warehouses.Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is supplied in multiple-dose 10, 20 and 30 mL plastic fliptop vials (List No. 1966) or in multiple-dose 10 and 30 mL plastic LifeShield fliptop vials*. (List No. 1966).*Intended for use with the LifeShield Blunt Cannula.Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Revised: 6/2015HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USABacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is supplied in multiple-dose 10, 20 and 30 mL plastic fliptop vials (List No. 1966) or in multiple-dose 10 and 30 mL plastic LifeShield fliptop vials*. (List No. 1966).*Intended for use with the LifeShield Blunt Cannula.Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Revised: 6/2015HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USABacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is supplied in multiple-dose 10, 20 and 30 mL plastic fliptop vials (List No. 1966) or in multiple-dose 10 and 30 mL plastic LifeShield fliptop vials*. (List No. 1966).*Intended for use with the LifeShield Blunt Cannula.Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Revised: 6/2015HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USABacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is supplied in multiple-dose 10, 20 and 30 mL plastic fliptop vials (List No. 1966) or in multiple-dose 10 and 30 mL plastic LifeShield fliptop vials*. (List No. 1966).*Intended for use with the LifeShield Blunt Cannula.Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Revised: 6/2015HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USABacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is supplied in multiple-dose 10, 20 and 30 mL plastic fliptop vials (List No. 1966) or in multiple-dose 10 and 30 mL plastic LifeShield fliptop vials*. (List No. 1966).*Intended for use with the LifeShield Blunt Cannula.Store at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]Revised: 6/2015HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST, IL 60045 USA
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
Sodium chloride in water dissociates to provide sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions. These ions
are normal constituents of the body fluids (principally extracellular) and are
essential for maintaining electrolyte balance.
The distribution and excretion of sodium (Na) and
chloride (Cl) are largely under the control of the
kidney which maintains a balance between intake and output.
The small volume of fluid and amount of sodium chloride provided by
Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, when used only as a vehicle
for parenteral injection of drugs, is unlikely to exert a significant effect on
fluid and electrolyte balance except possibly in neonates and very small
infants.
Water is an essential constituent of all body tissues and accounts for
approximately 70% of total body weight. Average normal adult daily requirement
ranges from two to three liters (1.0 to 1.5 liters each for insensible water
loss by perspiration and urine production).
Water balance is maintained by various regulatory mechanisms. Water
distribution depends primarily on the concentration of electrolytes in the body
compartments and sodium (Na) plays a major role in
maintaining physiologic equilibrium.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Due to the potential toxicity of benzyl alcohol in neonates, solutions containing benzyl alcohol must not be used in this patient population.Parenteral preparations with benzyl alcohol should not be used for fluid or sodium chloride replacement.
Parenteral preparations containing benzyl alcohol should not be used in epidural or spinal anesthetic procedures.
Benzyl alcohol, a preservative in Bacteriostatic Sodium Chloride Injection, USP has been associated with toxicity in neonates. Data are unavailable on the toxicity of other preservatives in this age group. Preservative-free Sodium Chloride Injection should be used for flushing intravascular catheters. Where a sodium chloride solution is required for preparing or diluting medications for use in neonates, only preservative-free Sodium Chloride Injection should be used.
Consult the manufacturer's instructions for choice of vehicle, appropriate dilution or volume for dissolving the drugs to be injected, including the route and rate of injection.
Inspect reconstituted (diluted or dissolved) drugs for clarity (if soluble) and freedom from unexpected precipitation or discoloration prior to administration.
Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. It is also not known whether Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection containing additives can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Bacteriostatic 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection containing additives should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population are based on the similarity of the clinical conditions of the pediatric and adult populations. However, due to potential toxicity of benzyl alcohol in neonates, solutions containing benzyl alcohol are contraindicated in this patient population.
Drug Interactions
Some drugs for injection may be incompatible in a given vehicle, or when combined in the same vehicle or in a vehicle containing benzyl alcohol. Consult with pharmacist, if available.
Use aseptic technique for single or multiple entry and withdrawal from all containers.
When diluting or dissolving drugs, mix thoroughly and use promptly.
Do not store reconstituted solutions of drugs for injection unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer of the solute.
Do not use unless the solution is clear and seal intact.
Reactions which may occur because of this solution, added drugs or the technique of reconstitution or administration include febrile response, local tenderness, abscess, tissue necrosis or infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection and extravasation.
If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate countermeasures, and if possible, retrieve and save the remainder of the unused vehicle for examination.
Although adverse reactions to intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous injection of 0.9% benzyl alcohol are not known to occur in man, experimental studies of small volume parenteral preparations containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol in several species of animals have indicated that an estimated intravenous dose up to 30 mL may be safely given to an adult without toxic effects. Administration of an estimated 9 mL to a 6 kg neonate or infant is potentially capable of producing blood pressure changes.
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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