Dexmedetomidine

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Overview

What is Dexmedetomidine?

Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution suitable for intravenous infusion following dilution. Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is the S-enantiomer of medetomidine and is chemically described as (+)-4-(S)-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole monohydrochloride. Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride has a molecular weight of 236.7 and the empirical formula is CHN• HCl and the structural formula is:

Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is a white or almost white powder that is freely soluble in water and has a pKa of 7.1. Its partition coefficient in-octanol: water at pH 7.4 is 2.89. Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is supplied as a clear, colorless, isotonic solution with a pH of 4.5 to 7.0. Each mL contains 118 mcg of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride equivalent to 100 mcg (0.1 mg) of dexmedetomidine and 9 mg of sodium chloride in water and is to be used after dilution. The solution is preservative-free and contains no additives or chemical stabilizers.

What does Dexmedetomidine look like?

What are the available doses of Dexmedetomidine?

Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection, 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL) in a glass vial. To be used after dilution. ()

What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Dexmedetomidine?

How should I use Dexmedetomidine?

Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is a relatively selective alpha -adrenergic agonist indicated for:

Individualize and titrate dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection dosing to desired clinical effect. ()

Administer dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection using a controlled infusion device. ()

Dilute the 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL) vial contents in 0.9% sodium chloride solution to achieve required concentration (4 mcg/mL) prior to administration. ()

What interacts with Dexmedetomidine?

Sorry No Records found

What are the warnings of Dexmedetomidine?

Sorry No Records found

What are the precautions of Dexmedetomidine?

Sorry No Records found

What are the side effects of Dexmedetomidine?

Sorry No records found

What should I look out for while using Dexmedetomidine?

None

What might happen if I take too much Dexmedetomidine?

The tolerability of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection was studied in one study in which healthy adult subjects were administered doses at and above the recommended dose of 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/hr. The maximum blood concentration achieved in this study was approximately 13 times the upper boundary of the therapeutic range. The most notable effects observed in two subjects who achieved the highest doses were first degree atrioventricular block and second degree heart block. No hemodynamic compromise was noted with the atrioventricular block and the heart block resolved spontaneously within one minute.

One patient who received a loading bolus dose of undiluted dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection (19.4 mcg/kg), had cardiac arrest from which he was successfully resuscitated.

How should I store and handle Dexmedetomidine?

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not refrigerate.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not refrigerate.Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection, 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL), is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, clear, colorless solution. It is available in a 2 mL clear glass vial. Vials are intended for single use only. NDC 17478-055-02 2 mL single-dose vial in box of 10 Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride Injection, 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL), is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, clear, colorless solution. It is available in a 2 mL clear glass vial. Vials are intended for single use only. NDC 17478-055-02 2 mL single-dose vial in box of 10

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

No Image found

Clinical Pharmacology

Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection is a relatively selective alpha-adrenergic agonist with sedative properties. Alpha selectivity is observed in animals following slow intravenous infusion of low and medium doses (10 to 300 mcg/kg). Both alpha and alpha activity is observed following slow intravenous infusion of high doses (≥ 1000 mcg/kg) or with rapid intravenous administration.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

None

Although the pressor activity of desmopressin acetate is very low compared with the antidiuretic activity, use of doses as large as 0.3 mcg/kg of desmopressin acetate with other pressor agents should be done only with careful patient monitoring. The concomitant administration of drugs that may increase the risk of water intoxication with hyponatremia, (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, chlorpromazine, opiate analgesics, NSAIDs, lamotrigine and carbamazepine) should be performed with caution.

Desmopressin acetate has been used with epsilon aminocaproic acid without adverse effects.

Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection should be administered only by persons skilled in the management of patients in the operating room setting. Due to the known pharmacological effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection, patients should be continuously monitored while receiving dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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