Dextrose and Sodium Chloride

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Overview

What is Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment and caloric supply in single dose containers for intravenous administration. It contains no antimicrobial agents. Composition, osmolarity, pH, ionic concentration and caloric content are shown in Table 1.

The VIAFLEX plastic container is fabricated from a specially formulated polyvinyl chloride (PL 146 Plastic). The amount of water that can permeate from inside the container into the overwrap is insufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solutions in contact with the plastic container can leach out certain of its chemical components in very small amounts within the expiration period, e.g., di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), up to 5 parts per million. However, the safety of the plastic has been confirmed in tests in animals according to USP biological tests for plastic containers as well as by tissue culture toxicity studies.

What does Dextrose and Sodium Chloride look like?

What are the available doses of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

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How should I use Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is indicated as a source of water, electrolytes, and calories.

As directed by a physician. Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight, and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

All injections in VIAFLEX plastic containers are intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment.

The dosage and constant infusion rate of intravenous dextrose must be selected with caution in pediatric patients, particularly neonates and low weight infants, because of the increased risk of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia. The infusion rate and volume depends on the age, weight, clinical and metabolic conditions of the patient, concomitant therapy and should be determined by the consulting physician experienced in pediatric intravenous fluid therapy.

Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available.

Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Consult with pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgment of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives.

What interacts with Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known allergy to corn or corn products.

What are the warnings of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

Dextrose injections with low electrolyte concentrations should not be administered simultaneously with blood through the same administration set because of the possibility of pseudoagglutination or hemolysis. The container label for these injections bears the statement: Do not administer simultaneously with blood.

The intravenous administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections.

Excessive administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in significant hypokalemia.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in sodium retention.

What are the precautions of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

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What are the side effects of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

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What should I look out for while using Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known allergy to corn or corn products.

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

Dextrose injections with low electrolyte concentrations should not be administered simultaneously with blood through the same administration set because of the possibility of pseudoagglutination or hemolysis. The container label for these injections bears the statement: Do not administer simultaneously with blood.

The intravenous administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections.

Excessive administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in significant hypokalemia.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in sodium retention.

What might happen if I take too much Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

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How should I store and handle Dextrose and Sodium Chloride?

COSENTYX Sensoready pens, prefilled syringes and vials must be refrigerated at 2ºC to 8ºC (36ºF to 46ºF). Keep the product in the original carton to protect from light until the time of use. Do not freeze. To avoid foaming do not shake. COSENTYX does not contain a preservative; discard any unused portion.Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in VIAFLEX plastic container is supplied as follows:Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended the product be stored at room temperature (25°C); brief exposure up to 40°C does not adversely affect the product.Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in VIAFLEX plastic container is supplied as follows:Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended the product be stored at room temperature (25°C); brief exposure up to 40°C does not adversely affect the product.

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

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Clinical Pharmacology

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP has value as a source of water, electrolytes, and calories. It is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known allergy to corn or corn products.

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure, severe renal insufficiency, and in clinical states in which there exists edema with sodium retention.

Dextrose injections with low electrolyte concentrations should not be administered simultaneously with blood through the same administration set because of the possibility of pseudoagglutination or hemolysis. The container label for these injections bears the statement: Do not administer simultaneously with blood.

The intravenous administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injections.

Excessive administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in significant hypokalemia.

In patients with diminished renal function, administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP may result in sodium retention.

Caution must be exercised in the administration of Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin.

Do not use plastic containers in series connections. Such use could result in air embolism due to residual air being drawn from the primary container before administration of the fluid from the secondary container is completed. Pressurizing intravenous solutions contained in flexible plastic containers to increase flow rates can result in air embolism if the residual air in the container is not fully evacuated prior to administration.

Use of a vented intravenous administration set with the vent in the open position could result in air embolism. Vented intravenous administration sets with the vent in the open position should not be used with flexible plastic containers.

Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP should be used with caution in patients with overt or subclinical diabetes mellitus.

Administration of hypertonic solutions may cause venous irritation, including phlebitis. Hyperosmolar solutions should be administered with caution, if at all, to patients with hyperosmolar states. See in the section for the osmolarities of the Dextrose and Sodium Chloride Injection, USP solutions.

- Anaphylactic reaction, hypersensitivity, and chills

- Hyponatremia (applies to solutions containing less than 0.9% Sodium Chloride)

Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation and hypervolemia.

If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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