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Dimenhydrinate
Overview
What is Dimenhydrinate?
Dimenhydrinate, an anti-nauseant/antiemetic, is the 8-chlorotheophylline salt of diphenhydramine. It contains not less than 53% and not more than 55.5% of diphenhydramine, and not less than 44% and not more than 47% of 8-chlorotheophylline, calculated on the dried basis. Chemically, it is 8-chlorotheophylline compound with 2(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethylamine (1:1), and the structural formula is:
Dimenhydrinate Injection, USP contains a sterile solution of Dimenhydrinate 50 mg/mL; Propylene Glycol 50%; Benzyl Alcohol 5% as preservative; and Water for Injection q.s. Sodium Hydroxide and/or Hydrochloric Acid may have been used to adjust pH.
What does Dimenhydrinate look like?
What are the available doses of Dimenhydrinate?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Dimenhydrinate?
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How should I use Dimenhydrinate?
Dimenhydrinate Injection, USP is indicated for the prevention and treatment of nausea, vomiting, or vertigo of motion sickness.
Dimenhydrinate in the injectable form is indicated when the oral form is impractical.
What interacts with Dimenhydrinate?
Neonates and patients with a history of hypersensitivity to dimenhydrinate or its components (diphenhydramine or 8-chlorotheophylline) should not be treated with dimenhydrinate.
Note:
What are the warnings of Dimenhydrinate?
Iodopen is a hypotonic solution and should be administered in admixtures only.
Caution should be used when dimenhydrinate is given in conjunction with certain antibiotics that may cause ototoxicity, since dimenhydrinate is capable of masking ototoxic symptoms, and an irreversible state may be reached.
This drug may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. The concomitant use of alcohol or other central nervous system depressants may have an additive effect. Therefore, patients should be warned accordingly.
Dimenhydrinate should be used with caution in patients having conditions which might be aggravated by anticholinergic therapy (i.e., prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, bladder neck obstruction, narrow-angle glaucoma, bronchial asthma, or cardiac arrhythmias).
The preparation should not be injected intra-arterially.
Pediatric Patients
For infants and children especially, antihistamines in overdosage may cause hallucinations, convulsions, or death.
As in adults, antihistamines may diminish mental alertness in pediatric patients. In the young child, particularly, they may produce excitation (see ).
What are the precautions of Dimenhydrinate?
General
Drowsiness may be experienced by some patients, especially with high dosage. This effect frequently is not undesirable in conditions for which the drug is used.
Information for Patients
Because of the potential for drowsiness, patients taking dimenhydrinate should be cautioned against operating automobiles or dangerous machinery (see ).
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
Mutagenicity screening tests performed with dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, and 8-chlorotheophylline produced positive results in the bacterial systems and negative results in the mammalian systems. There are no human data that indicate dimenhydrinate is a carcinogen or mutagen or that it impairs fertility.
Pregnancy
Labor and Delivery
The safety of dimenhydrinate given during labor and delivery has not been established. Reports have indicated dimenhydrinate may have an oxytocic effect. Caution is advised when this effect is unwanted or in situations where it may prove detrimental.
Nursing Mothers
Small amounts of dimenhydrinate are excreted in breast milk. Because of the potential for adverse reactions in nursing infants from dimenhydrinate, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
What are the side effects of Dimenhydrinate?
The most frequent adverse reaction to dimenhydrinate is drowsiness. Dizziness may also occur. Symptoms of dry mouth, nose and throat, blurred vision, difficult or painful urination, headache, anorexia, nervousness, restlessness or insomnia (especially in pediatric patients), skin rash, thickening of bronchial secretions, tachycardia, epigastric distress, lassitude, excitation, and nausea have been reported.
What should I look out for while using Dimenhydrinate?
Neonates and patients with a history of hypersensitivity to dimenhydrinate or its components (diphenhydramine or 8-chlorotheophylline) should not be treated with dimenhydrinate.
Note:
Caution should be used when dimenhydrinate is given in conjunction with certain antibiotics that may cause ototoxicity, since dimenhydrinate is capable of masking ototoxic symptoms, and an irreversible state may be reached.
This drug may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. The concomitant use of alcohol or other central nervous system depressants may have an additive effect. Therefore, patients should be warned accordingly.
Dimenhydrinate should be used with caution in patients having conditions which might be aggravated by anticholinergic therapy (i.e., prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, bladder neck obstruction, narrow-angle glaucoma, bronchial asthma, or cardiac arrhythmias).
The preparation should not be injected intra-arterially.
What might happen if I take too much Dimenhydrinate?
Drowsiness is the usual clinical side effect. Convulsions, coma, and respiratory depression may occur with massive overdosage. No specific antidote is known. If respiratory depression occurs, mechanically assisted respiration should be initiated and oxygen should be administered. Convulsions should be treated with appropriate doses of diazepam. Phenobarbital (5 to 6 mg/kg) may be given to control convulsions in pediatric patients.
The oral LD in mice and rats is 203 mg/kg and 1320 mg/kg, respectively. The intraperitoneal LD in mice is 149 mg/kg.
How should I store and handle Dimenhydrinate?
StorageStore at 25ºC (77ºF); excursions permitted to 15º-30ºC (59º-86ºF) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].StorageStore at 25ºC (77ºF); excursions permitted to 15º-30ºC (59º-86ºF) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].DimenhyDRINATE Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL is available in multiple dose amber vials, as follows:Protect from light.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.DimenhyDRINATE Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL is available in multiple dose amber vials, as follows:Protect from light.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.DimenhyDRINATE Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL is available in multiple dose amber vials, as follows:Protect from light.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.DimenhyDRINATE Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL is available in multiple dose amber vials, as follows:Protect from light.Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
While the precise mode of action of dimenhydrinate is not known, it has a depressant action on hyperstimulated labyrinthine function.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Neonates and patients with a history of hypersensitivity to dimenhydrinate or its components (diphenhydramine or 8-chlorotheophylline) should not be treated with dimenhydrinate.Note:
Caution should be used when dimenhydrinate is given in conjunction with certain antibiotics that may cause ototoxicity, since dimenhydrinate is capable of masking ototoxic symptoms, and an irreversible state may be reached.
This drug may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. The concomitant use of alcohol or other central nervous system depressants may have an additive effect. Therefore, patients should be warned accordingly.
Dimenhydrinate should be used with caution in patients having conditions which might be aggravated by anticholinergic therapy (i.e., prostatic hypertrophy, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction, bladder neck obstruction, narrow-angle glaucoma, bronchial asthma, or cardiac arrhythmias).
The preparation should not be injected intra-arterially.
No specific drug interactions have been demonstrated.
Drowsiness may be experienced by some patients, especially with high dosage. This effect frequently is not undesirable in conditions for which the drug is used.
The most frequent adverse reaction to dimenhydrinate is drowsiness. Dizziness may also occur. Symptoms of dry mouth, nose and throat, blurred vision, difficult or painful urination, headache, anorexia, nervousness, restlessness or insomnia (especially in pediatric patients), skin rash, thickening of bronchial secretions, tachycardia, epigastric distress, lassitude, excitation, and nausea have been reported.
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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