Disclaimer:
Medidex is not a provider of medical services and all information is provided for the convenience of the user. No medical decisions should be made based on the information provided on this website without first consulting a licensed healthcare provider.This website is intended for persons 18 years or older. No person under 18 should consult this website without the permission of a parent or guardian.
Kit for the Preparation of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated
Overview
What is DRAXIMAGE MAA?
The kit consists of reaction vials which contain the sterile, non-pyrogenic, non-radioactive ingredients necessary to produce Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection for diagnostic use by intravenous injection.
Each 10 mL reaction vial contains 2.5 mg of albumin aggregated, 5 mg of human serum albumin , 0.06 mg (minimum) stannous chloride (maximum stannous and stannic chloride 0.11 mg) and 1.2 mg of sodium chloride; the contents are in a lyophilized form under an atmosphere of nitrogen. Sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid has been used for pH adjustment. No bacteriostatic preservative is present.
The human serum albumin was non-reactive when tested for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBAg), antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1/HIV-2), antibody to Hepatitis C Virus (anti-HCV) and Antigen to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1). The aggregated particles are formed by denaturation of the albumin in a heating and aggregation process. Each vial contains 3 to 8 million particles. By light microscopy, more than 90% of the particles are between 10 and 70 micrometers, while the typical average size is 20 to 40 micrometers; none is greater than 150 micrometers.
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection for intravenous use is in its final dosage form when a sterile isotonic sodium pertechnetate solution is added to the vial. No less than 90% of the pertechnetate Tc-99m added to a reaction vial is bound to aggregate at preparation time and remains bound throughout the usage lifetime of the preparation (See Directions For Preparation).
What does DRAXIMAGE MAA look like?
What are the available doses of DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No records found.
What should I talk to my health care provider before I take DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No records found
How should I use DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection is a lung imaging agent which may be used as an adjunct in the evaluation of pulmonary perfusion in adults and pediatric patients.
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection may be used in adults as an imaging agent to aid in the evaluation of peritoneovenous (LeVeen) shunt patency.
The recommended intravenous dose range for the average (70 kg) ADULT patient for lung imaging is 37 to 148 megabecquerels (1 to 4 millicuries) of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection after reconstitution with oxidant-free Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m Injection.
The suggested intraperitoneal dosage range used in the average patient (70 kg) for peritoneovenous (LeVeen) shunt patency evaluation is 37 to 111 megabecquerels (1 to 3 millicuries). Adequate measures should be taken to assure uniform mixing with peritoneal fluid. Serial images of both the shunt and target organ should be obtained and correlated with other clinical findings. Alternatively, the drug may be administered by percutaneous transtubal injection. The suggested percutaneous transtubal (efferent limb) dosage range for the average patient (70 kg) is 12 to 37 megabecquerels (0.3 to 1 millicurie) in a volume not to exceed 0.5 mL.
The recommended number of particles per single injection is 200,000 to 700,000 with the suggested number being approximately 350,000. Depending on the activity added and volume of the final reconstituted product, the volume of the dose may vary from 0.2 to 1.9 mL.
The number of particles available per dose of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection will vary depending on the physical decay of the technetium Tc-99m that has occurred. The number of particles in any dose and volume to be administered may be calculated as follows:
Where:
V = volume of solution added to reaction vialD = desired dose to be administered in MBq (mCi)C = concentration at calibration time of sodium pertechnetate solution to be added to the reaction vial in MBq/mL (mCi/mL)V = volume to be administered in mLP = number of particles in dose to be administeredF = fraction of technetium Tc-99m remaining after the time of calibration (see Table 3)N = number of particles per vial. The number of particles per vial for each lot is shipped with the product.
In PEDIATRIC patients, the suggested intravenous dose to be employed for perfusion lung imaging is in the range of 0.925 to 1.85 MBq per kilogram (25 to 50 μCi/kg) of body weight; a usual dose is 1.11 MBq per kilogram (30 μCi/kg), except in newborns, in whom the administered dose should be 7.4 to 18.5 MBq (200 to 500 μCi). Not less than the minimum dose of 7.4 MBq (200 μCi) should be employed for this procedure. The number of particles will vary with age and weight of the pediatric patient as indicated in Table 5.
Parenteral drug products should be visually inspected for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
The patient dose should be measured by a suitable radioactivity calibration system immediately prior to administration. Mix the contents of the vial by gentle inversion just prior to withdrawing a patient dose.
Mix the contents of the syringe just before injection. If blood is drawn into the syringe, any unnecessary delay prior to injection may lead to clot formation. For optimum results and because of rapid lung clearance of the radiopharmaceutical, it is suggested that the patient be positioned under the imaging apparatus before administration. Slow injection is recommended. Lung imaging may begin immediately after intravenous injection of the radiopharmaceutical. Due to high kidney uptake, imaging later than one-half hour after administration will yield poor results.
RADIATION DOSIMETRY
The estimated absorbed radiation doses to an average ADULT patient (70 kg) from an intravenous injection of 148 MBq (4 mCi) of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection are shown in Table 4.
In PEDIATRIC patients, the radiation absorbed doses using the maximum recommended dose for lung imaging are based on 1.85 MBq (50 μCi) per kilogram of body weight [except in the newborn where the maximum recommended dose of 18.5 MBq (500 μCi) is used] and are shown in Table 5, which lists the maximum dose for pediatric patients from newborn to adults. Note the recommendations regarding number of particles to be administered.
Table 6 represents the absorbed radiation dose resulting from the intraperitoneal administration of 111 megabecquerels (3 millicuries) of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated.
*Assumptions:
et al
et al.
*Assumptions:
What interacts with DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No Records found
What are the warnings of DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No Records found
What are the precautions of DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No Records found
What are the side effects of DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No records found
What should I look out for while using DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection should not be administered to patients with severe pulmonary hypertension.
The use of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to products containing human serum albumin.
Although adverse reactions specifically attributable to Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection have not been noted, the literature contains reports of deaths occurring after the administration of albumin aggregated to patients with pre-existing severe pulmonary hypertension. Instances of hemodynamic or idiosyncratic reactions to preparations of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated have been reported.
What might happen if I take too much DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Sorry No Records found
How should I store and handle DRAXIMAGE MAA?
Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F)Dispense in tight, light-resistant container.Manufactured by: Yung Shin Pharmaceutical Ind. Co., Ltd. Tachia, Taichung 43769 TAIWAN Distributed by: Carlsbad Technology, Inc. 5923 Balfour Ct., Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA Marketed/ Packaged by: Camarillo, CA 93012 USA To report ADVERSE DRUG EXPERIENCE, please call Carlsbad Technology, Inc. at 1-760-431-8284Revised: 06/14DRAXIMAGE® MAA (NDC 65174.270.30) comprises: HCl and/or NaOH has been used for pH adjustment. The vials are sealed under an atmosphere of nitrogen.DRAXIMAGE® MAA (NDC 65174.270.30) comprises: HCl and/or NaOH has been used for pH adjustment. The vials are sealed under an atmosphere of nitrogen.
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
Immediately following intravenous injection, more than 80% of the albumin aggregated is trapped in the pulmonary alveolar capillary bed. The imaging procedure can thus be started as soon as the injection is complete. Assuming that a sufficient number of radioactive particles has been used, the distribution of radioactive aggregated particles in the normally perfused lung is uniform throughout the vascular bed, and will produce a uniform image. Areas of reduced perfusion will be revealed by a corresponding decreased accumulation of the radioactive particles, and are imaged as areas of reduced photon density.
Organ selectivity is a direct result of particle size. Below 1 to 10 micrometers, the material is taken up by the reticuloendothelial system. Above 10 micrometers, the aggregates become lodged in the lung by a purely mechanical process. Distribution of particles in the lungs is a function of regional pulmonary blood flow.
The albumin aggregated is sufficiently fragile for the capillary micro-occlusion to be temporary. Erosion and fragmentation reduce the particle size, allowing passage of the aggregates through the pulmonary alveolar capillary bed. The fragments are then accumulated by the reticuloendothelial system.
Lung to liver ratios greater than 20:1 are obtained in the first few minutes post-injection. Elimination of the Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin from the lungs occurs with a half-life of about 2 to 3 hours. Cumulative urinary excretion studies show an average of 20% elimination of the injected technetium Tc 99m dose 24 hours post-administration.
Following administration of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated by intraperitoneal injection, the radiopharmaceutical mixes with the peritoneal fluid. Clearance from the peritoneal cavity varies from insignificant, which may occur with complete shunt blockage, to very rapid clearance with subsequent transfer into the systemic circulation when the shunt is patent.
Serial images should be obtained of both the shunt and lung (target organ). However, an adequate evaluation of the difference between total blockage of the shunt and partial blockage may not be feasible in all cases.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection should not be administered to patients with severe pulmonary hypertension.The use of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to products containing human serum albumin.
Although adverse reactions specifically attributable to Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection have not been noted, the literature contains reports of deaths occurring after the administration of albumin aggregated to patients with pre-existing severe pulmonary hypertension. Instances of hemodynamic or idiosyncratic reactions to preparations of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated have been reported.
Oxcarbazepine can inhibit CYP2C19 and induce CYP3A4/5 with potentially important effects on plasma concentrations of other drugs. In addition, several AEDs that are cytochrome P450 inducers can decrease plasma concentrations of oxcarbazepine and MHD.
Oxcarbazepine was evaluated in human liver microsomes to determine its capacity to inhibit the major cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for the metabolism of other drugs. Results demonstrate that oxcarbazepine and its pharmacologically active 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD) have little or no capacity to function as inhibitors for most of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes evaluated (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP4A9 and CYP4A11) with the exception of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5. Although inhibition of CYP3A4/5 by oxcarbazepine and MHD did occur at high concentrations, it is not likely to be of clinical significance. The inhibition of CYP2C19 by oxcarbazepine and MHD, however, is clinically relevant (see below).
In vitro, the UDP-glucuronyl transferase level was increased, indicating induction of this enzyme. Increases of 22% with MHD and 47% with oxcarbazepine were observed. As MHD, the predominant plasma substrate, is only a weak inducer of UDP-glucuronyl transferase, it is unlikely to have an effect on drugs that are mainly eliminated by conjugation through UDP-glucuronyl transferase (e.g., valproic acid, lamotrigine).
In addition, oxcarbazepine and MHD induce a subgroup of the cytochrome P450 3A family (CYP3A4 and CYP3A5) responsible for the metabolism of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists and oral contraceptives, resulting in a lower plasma concentration of these drugs.
As binding of MHD to plasma proteins is low (40%), clinically significant interactions with other drugs through competition for protein binding sites are unlikely.
General
The contents of the kit before reconstitution are not radioactive. However, after the sodium pertechnetate Tc-99m is added, maintain adequate shielding of the reconstituted product.
In patients with right-to-left heart shunts, additional risk may exist due to the rapid entry of albumin aggregated into the systemic circulation. The safety of this agent in such patients has not been established. Hypersensitivity reactions are possible whenever protein-containing materials such as pertechnetate labeled albumin aggregated are used in man. Epinephrine, antihistamines, and corticosteroids should be available for immediate use.
The intravenous administration of any particulate materials such as albumin aggregated imposes a temporary small mechanical impediment to blood flow. While this effect is probably physiologically insignificant in most patients, the administration of albumin aggregated is possibly hazardous in acute and other states of severely impaired pulmonary blood flow.
The components of the kit are sterile and non-pyrogenic. It is essential to follow directions carefully and to adhere to strict aseptic procedures during preparation.
Contents of the vials are intended only for use in the preparation of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection and are to be administered directly to the patient.
The technetium Tc-99m labeling reactions involved depend on maintaining the stannous ion in the reduced state. Hence, sodium pertechnetate Tc-99m containing oxidants should not be employed.
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection is physically unstable and consequently the particles settle with time. Failure to agitate the vial adequately before use may result in nonuniform distribution of radioactive particles.
If blood is drawn into the syringe, unnecessary delay prior to injection may result in clot formation .
Do not use if clumping of the contents is observed.
Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection, as well as other radioactive drugs, must be handled with care. Once sodium pertechnetate Tc-99m is added to the vial, appropriate safety measures must be used to minimize radiation exposure to clinical personnel. Care must also be taken to minimize the radiation exposure to patients in a manner consistent with proper patient management.
Radiopharmaceuticals should be used only by physicians who are qualified by training and experience in the safe use and handling of radionuclides and whose experience and training have been approved by the appropriate government agency authorized to license the use of radionuclides.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
No long term animal studies have been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential or whether Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection affects fertility in males or females.
Pregnancy Category C
Animal reproduction and teratogenicity studies have not been conducted with Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection. It is also not known whether Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproductive capacity. There have been no studies in pregnant women. Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated Injection should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Ideally, examinations using radiopharmaceuticals, especially those elective in nature, of a woman of childbearing capability, should be performed during the first few (approximately 10) days following the onset of menses.
Nursing Mothers
Technetium Tc-99m is excreted in human milk during lactation. Therefore, formula feedings should be substituted for breast feedings.
Pediatric Use
The lowest possible number of particles should be used in right-to-left shunting, in neonates, and in severe pulmonary disease.
The literature contains reports of deaths occurring after the administration of albumin aggregated to patients with pre-existing severe pulmonary hypertension. Instances of hemodynamic or idiosyncratic reactions to preparations of Technetium Tc 99m Albumin Aggregated have been reported (see ).
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
Review
Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of losartan oral.
Overall User Ratings
514Total User Reviews
User Reviews
Learn about
User Reviews
Professional
Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72Tips
Tips
Interactions
Interactions
A total of 440 drugs (1549 brand and generic names) are known to interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib). 228 major drug interactions (854 brand and generic names) 210 moderate drug interactions (691 brand and generic names) 2 minor drug interactions (4 brand and generic names) Show all medications in the database that may interact with Imbruvica (ibrutinib).