Ephedrine Sulfate

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Overview

What is Ephedrine Sulfate?

Ephedrine is an alpha-and beta-adrenergic agonist and a norepinephrine-releasing agent. Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP is a clear, colorless, sterile solution for intravenous injection. It must be diluted before intravenous administration. The chemical name of ephedrine sulfate is (1R,2S)-(-)-2-methylamine-1-phenylpropan-1-ol sulfate, and the molecular weight is 428.5 g/mol. Its structural formula is depicted below:

Ephedrine sulfate may darken on exposure to light. It is freely soluble in water and ethanol, very slightly soluble in chloroform, and practically insoluble in ether. Each mL contains ephedrine sulfate 50 mg (equivalent to 38 mg ephedrine base) in water for injection. The pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide and/or glacial acetic acid, if necessary. The pH range is 4.5 to 7.0.

What does Ephedrine Sulfate look like?

What are the available doses of Ephedrine Sulfate?

Injection: 50 mg/mL ephedrine sulfate in an ampule ()

Injection: 50 mg/mL ephedrine sulfate in a vial ()

What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Ephedrine Sulfate?

How should I use Ephedrine Sulfate?

Ephedrine Sulfate Injection is indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesia.

Ephedrine Sulfate Injection must be diluted before administration as an intravenous bolus to achieve the desired concentration. Dilute with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water.

Inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Do not use if solution is colored or cloudy, or if it contains particulate matter.

What interacts with Ephedrine Sulfate?

Sorry No Records found

What are the warnings of Ephedrine Sulfate?

Sorry No Records found

What are the precautions of Ephedrine Sulfate?

Sorry No Records found

What are the side effects of Ephedrine Sulfate?

Sorry No records found

What should I look out for while using Ephedrine Sulfate?

None

What might happen if I take too much Ephedrine Sulfate?

Overdose of ephedrine can cause a rapid rise in blood pressure. In the case of an overdose, careful monitoring of blood pressure is recommended. If blood pressure continues to rise to an unacceptable level, parenteral antihypertensive agents can be administered at the discretion of the clinician.

How should I store and handle Ephedrine Sulfate?

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) [See USP controlled room temperature]. Protect from moisture.Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL, is a clear, colorless, sterile solution supplied as follows:NDC 17478-415-10 1 mL clear, glass ampules supplied in packages of 10 (NDC 17478-415-01). NDC 17478-517-01 1 mL single-dose Vials supplied in packages of 10. This container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL, is a clear, colorless, sterile solution supplied as follows:NDC 17478-415-10 1 mL clear, glass ampules supplied in packages of 10 (NDC 17478-415-01). NDC 17478-517-01 1 mL single-dose Vials supplied in packages of 10. This container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL, is a clear, colorless, sterile solution supplied as follows:NDC 17478-415-10 1 mL clear, glass ampules supplied in packages of 10 (NDC 17478-415-01). NDC 17478-517-01 1 mL single-dose Vials supplied in packages of 10. This container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP, 50 mg/mL, is a clear, colorless, sterile solution supplied as follows:NDC 17478-415-10 1 mL clear, glass ampules supplied in packages of 10 (NDC 17478-415-01). NDC 17478-517-01 1 mL single-dose Vials supplied in packages of 10. This container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

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Clinical Pharmacology

Ephedrine sulfate is a sympathomimetic amine that directly acts as an agonist at α-and ß-adrenergic receptors and indirectly causes the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons. Pressor effects by direct alpha-and beta-adrenergic receptor activation are mediated by increases in arterial pressures, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance. Indirect adrenergic stimulation is caused by norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

None

Specific interaction studies were not performed with paricalcitol injection. Paricalcitol is not expected to inhibit the clearance of drugs metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A nor induce the clearance of drug metabolized by CYP2B6, CYP2C9 or CYP3A.

A multiple dose drug-drug interaction study with ketoconazole and paricalcitol capsule demonstrated that ketoconazole approximately doubled paricalcitol AUC (see ). Since paricalcitol is partially metabolized by CYP3A and ketoconazole is known to be a strong inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A enzyme, care should be taken while paricalcitol is co-administered with ketoconazole and other strong P450 3A inhibitors including the following drugs but not limited to: atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin or voriconazole.

Digitalis toxicity is potentiated by hypercalcemia of any cause, so caution should be applied when digitalis compounds are prescribed concomitantly with paricalcitol injection.

Serious postpartum hypertension has been described in patients who received both a vasopressor (i.e., methoxamine, phenylephrine, ephedrine) and an oxytocic (i.e., methylergonovine, ergonovine) []. Some of these patients experienced a stroke. Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and an oxytocic.

The following adverse reactions associated with the use of ephedrine were identified in the clinical literature. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency reliably or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Gastrointestinal disorders

Cardiac disorders

Nervous system disorders

Psychiatric disorders

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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