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FazaClo
Overview
What is FazaClo?
FAZACLO (clozapine), an atypical antipsychotic drug, is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine derivative, 8-chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5-dibenzo [] [1,4] diazepine. The structural formula is:
FAZACLO is available as yellow, orally disintegrating tablets of 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg for oral administration without water. FAZACLO tablets may be chewed.
Each orally disintegrating tablet contains clozapine equivalent to 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg.
The active component of FAZACLO is clozapine. The remaining components are aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer E, mannitol, aspartame, microcrystalline cellulose*, silicified microcrystalline cellulose**, crospovidone, natural and artificial mint flavor, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, ferric oxide (yellow), and magnesium stearate.
*12.5, 25, and 100 mg tablets
**150 and 200 mg tablets
THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS ASPARTAME AND IS NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY INFANTS. PHENYLKETONURICS: CONTAINS PHENYLALANINE
Phenylalanine is a component of aspartame. Each 12.5 mg, orally disintegrating tablet contains 1.6 mg aspartame, thus, 0.87 mg phenylalanine. Each 25 mg, orally disintegrating tablet contains 3.1 mg aspartame, thus, 1.74 mg phenylalanine. Each 100 mg, orally disintegrating tablet contains 12.4 mg aspartame, thus, 6.96 mg phenylalanine. Each 150 mg, orally disintegrating tablet contains 18.6 mg aspartame, thus, 10.44 mg phenylalanine. Each 200 mg, orally disintegrating tablet contains 24.8 mg aspartame, thus, 13.92 mg phenylalanine. The allowable daily intake of aspartame is 50 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.
What does FazaClo look like?
What are the available doses of FazaClo?
Orally disintegrating 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg tablets ()
What should I talk to my health care provider before I take FazaClo?
How should I use FazaClo?
FAZACLO is indicated for the treatment of severely ill patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment. Because of the risks of severe neutropenia and of seizure associated with its use, FAZACLO should be used only in patients who have failed to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment
The effectiveness of clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia was demonstrated in a 6-week, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study comparing clozapine and chlorpromazine in patients who had failed other antipsychotics
Prior to initiating treatment with FAZACLO, a baseline ANC must be obtained. The baseline ANC must be at least 1500/µL for the general population, and at least 1000/µL for patients with documented Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN). To continue treatment, the ANC must be monitored regularly .
What interacts with FazaClo?
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What are the warnings of FazaClo?
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What are the precautions of FazaClo?
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What are the side effects of FazaClo?
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What should I look out for while using FazaClo?
•
4.1
What might happen if I take too much FazaClo?
How should I store and handle FazaClo?
Store at Bleomycin for Injection, USP is available as follows:
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
The mechanism of action of clozapine is unknown. However, it has been proposed that the therapeutic efficacy of clozapine in schizophrenia is mediated through antagonism of the dopamine type 2 (D) and the serotonin type 2A (5-HT) receptors. FAZACLO also acts as an antagonist at adrenergic, cholinergic, histaminergic and other dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
•4.1
Metabolism of a number of medications, including antipsychotics, antidepressants, ß-blockers, and antiarrhythmics, occurs through the cytochrome P450 2D6 isoenzyme (debrisoquine hydroxylase). Approximately 10% of the Caucasian population has reduced activity of this enzyme, so-called “poor” metabolizers. Among other populations the prevalence is not known. Poor metabolizers demonstrate higher plasma concentrations of antipsychotic drugs at usual doses, which may correlate with emergence of side effects. In one study of 45 elderly patients suffering from dementia treated with perphenazine, the 5 patients who were prospectively identified as poor P450 2D6 metabolizers had reported significantly greater side effects during the first 10 days of treatment than the 40 extensive metabolizers, following which the groups tended to converge. Prospective phenotyping of elderly patients prior to antipsychotic treatment may identify those at risk for adverse events.
The concomitant administration of other drugs that inhibit the activity of P450 2D6 may acutely increase plasma concentrations of antipsychotics. Among these are tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, e.g., fluoxetine, sertraline and paroxetine. When prescribing these drugs to patients already receiving antipsychotic therapy, close monitoring is essential and dose reduction may become necessary to avoid toxicity. Lower doses than usually prescribed for either the antipsychotic or the other drug may be required.
Background
FAZACLO can cause neutropenia (a low absolute neutrophil count [ANC]), defined as a reduction below pretreatment normal levels of blood neutrophils. The ANC is usually available as a component of the complete blood count (CBC), including differential, and is more relevant to drug-induced neutropenia than is the white blood cell (WBC) count. The ANC may also be calculated using the following formula: ANC equals the Total WBC count multiplied by the total percentage of neutrophils obtained from the differential (neutrophil “segs” plus neutrophil “bands”). Other granulocytes (basophils and eosinophils) contribute minimally to neutropenia and their measurement is not necessary . Neutropenia may be mild, moderate, or severe (see Tables 2 and 3). To improve and standardize understanding, “severe neutropenia” replaces the previous terms severe leukopenia, severe granulocytopenia, or agranulocytosis.
Severe neutropenia, ANC less than (<) 500/µL, occurs in a small percentage of patients taking FAZACLO and is associated with an increase in the risk of serious and potentially fatal infections. Risk of neutropenia appears greatest during the first 18 weeks on treatment and then declines. The mechanism by which FAZACLO causes neutropenia is unknown and is not dose-dependent.
Two separate management algorithms are provided below, the first for patients in the general population, and the second for patients identified to have baseline neutropenia.
FAZACLO Treatment and Monitoring in the General Patient Population (see Table 2)
Obtain a CBC, including the ANC value, prior to initiating treatment with FAZACLO to ensure the presence of a normal baseline neutrophil count (equal to or greater than 1500/µL) and to permit later comparisons. Patients in the general population with an ANC equal to or greater than (≥) 1500/µL are considered within normal range (Table 2) and are eligible to initiate treatment. Weekly ANC monitoring is required for all patients during the first 6 months of treatment. If a patient's ANC remains equal to or greater than 1500/µL for the first 6 months of treatment, monitoring frequency may be reduced to every 2 weeks for the next 6 months. If the ANC remains equal to or greater than 1500/µL for the second 6 months of continuous therapy, ANC monitoring frequency may be reduced to once every 4 weeks thereafter.
Table 2: FAZACLO Treatment Recommendations Based on Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Monitoring for the General Patient Population
* Confirm all reports of ANC less than 1500/µL with a repeat ANC measurement within 24 hours** If clinically appropriate
FAZACLO Treatment and Monitoring in Patients with Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (see Table 3)
Benign ethnic neutropenia (BEN) is a condition observed in certain ethnic groups whose average ANC values are lower than “standard” laboratory ranges for neutrophils. It is most commonly observed in individuals of African descent (approximate prevalence of 25-50%), some Middle Eastern ethnic groups, and in other non-Caucasian ethnic groups with darker skin. BEN is more common in men. Patients with BEN have normal hematopoietic stem-cell number and myeloid maturation, are healthy, and do not suffer from repeated or severe infections. They are not at increased risk for developing FAZACLO-induced neutropenia. Additional evaluation may be needed to determine if baseline neutropenia is due to BEN. Consider hematology consultation before initiating or during FAZACLO treatment as necessary.
Patients with BEN require a different ANC algorithm for FAZACLO management due to their lower baseline ANC levels. Table 3 provides guidelines for managing FAZACLO treatment and ANC monitoring in patients with BEN.
Table 3: Patients with Benign Ethnic Neutropenia (BEN); FAZACLO Treatment Recommendations Based on Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Monitoring
* Confirm all initial reports of ANC less than 1500/µL with a repeat ANC measurement within 24 hours** If clinically appropriate
General Guidelines for Management of All Patients with Fever or with Neutropenia
Rechallenge after an ANC less than 500/µL (severe neutropenia)
For some patients who experience severe FAZACLO-related neutropenia, the risk of serious psychiatric illness from discontinuing FAZACLO treatment may be greater than the risk of rechallenge (e.g., patients with severe schizophrenic illness who have no treatment options other than FAZACLO). A hematology consultation may be useful in deciding to rechallenge a patient. In general, however, do not rechallenge patients who develop severe neutropenia with FAZACLO or a clozapine product.
If a patient will be rechallenged, the clinician should consider thresholds provided in Tables 2 and 3, the patient's medical and psychiatric history, a discussion with the patient and his/her caregiver about the benefits and risks of FAZACLO rechallenge, and the severity and characteristics of the neutropenic episode.
Using FAZACLO with Other Drugs Associated with Neutropenia
It is unclear if concurrent use of other drugs known to cause neutropenia increases the risk or severity of FAZACLO-induced neutropenia. There is no strong scientific rationale to avoid FAZACLO treatment in patients concurrently treated with these drugs. If FAZACLO is used concurrently with an agent known to cause neutropenia (e.g., some chemotherapeutic agents), consider monitoring patients more closely than the treatment guidelines provided in Tables 2 and 3. Consult with the treating oncologist in patients receiving concomitant chemotherapy.
The following adverse reactions are discussed in more detail in other sections of the labeling:
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72Tips
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Interactions
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