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hyoscyamine sulfate

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Overview

What is Levbid?

Levbid extended-release tablets contain 0.375 mg of hyoscyamine sulfate in a formulation designed for oral b.i.d. dosage.

Hyoscyamine sulfate is one of the principal anticholinergic/ antispasmodic components of belladonna alkaloids. The empirical formula is (CHNO)2•HSO•2HO and the molecular weight is 712.85. Chemically, it is benzeneacetic acid, α-(hydroxymethyl)-, 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1.] oct-3-yl ester, [3(S)-endo]-, sulfate (2:1), dihydrate with the following structure:

Each Levbid extended-release tablet also contains as inactive ingredients: calcium phosphate dibasic, ethylcellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and stearic acid.



What does Levbid look like?



What are the available doses of Levbid?

Sorry No records found.

What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Levbid?

Sorry No records found

How should I use Levbid?

Levbid is effective as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcer. It can also be used to control gastric secretion, visceral spasm and hypermotility in spastic colitis, spastic bladder, cystitis, pylorospasm, and associated abdominal cramps. May be used in functional intestinal disorders to reduce symptoms such as those seen in mild dysenteries, diverticulitis, and acute enterocolitis. For use as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (irritable colon, spastic colon, mucous colitis) and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Also used as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of neurogenic bladder and neurogenic bowel disturbances (including the splenic flexure syndrome and neurogenic colon). Levbid is indicated along with morphine or other narcotics in symptomatic relief of biliary and renal colic; as a “drying agent” in the relief of symptoms of acute rhinitis; in the therapy of Parkinsonism to reduce rigidity and tremors and to control associated sialorrhea and hyperhidrosis. May be used in the therapy of poisoning by anticholinesterase agents.

Dosage may be adjusted according to the conditions and severity of symptoms.

Adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older:


What interacts with Levbid?

Sorry No Records found


What are the warnings of Levbid?

Sorry No Records found


What are the precautions of Levbid?

Sorry No Records found


What are the side effects of Levbid?

All of the following adverse reactions have been reported with hyoscyamine sulfate. Adverse reactions may include dryness of the mouth; urinary hesitancy and retention; blurred vision; tachycardia; palpitations; mydriasis; increased ocular tension; loss of taste; headache; nervousness; drowsiness; weakness; fatigue; dizziness; insomnia; nausea; vomiting; impotence; constipation; bloated feeling; abdominal pain; diarrhea; allergic reactions or drug idiosyncrasies; urticaria and other dermal manifestations; ataxia; speech disturbance; some degree of mental confusion and/or excitement (especially in elderly persons); short-term memory loss; hallucinations; and decreased sweating.


What should I look out for while using Levbid?

Glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract (as in achalasia, pyloroduodenal stenosis); paralytic ileus, intestinal atony of elderly or debilitated patients; unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; myasthenia gravis.

In the presence of high environmental temperature, heat prostration can occur with drug use (fever and heat stroke due to decreased sweating). Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy. In this instance, treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful. Like other anticholinergic agents, Levbid may produce drowsiness, dizziness or blurred vision. In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery or to perform hazardous work while taking this drug.

Psychosis has been reported in sensitive individuals given anticholinergic drugs including hyoscyamine sulfate. CNS signs and symptoms include confusion, disorientation, short term memory loss, hallucinations, dysarthria, ataxia, euphoria, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, agitation and mannerisms, and inappropriate affect. These CNS signs and symptoms usually resolve within 12 to 48 hours after discontinuation of the drug.


What might happen if I take too much Levbid?

The signs and symptoms of overdose are headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, dilated pupils, hot dry skin, dizziness, dryness of the mouth, difficulty in swallowing, and CNS stimulation.

Measures to be taken are immediate lavage of the stomach and injection of physostigmine 0.5 to 2 mg intravenously and repeated as necessary up to a total of 5 mg. Fever may be treated symptomatically (tepid water sponge baths, hypothermic blanket). Excitement to a degree which demands attention may be managed with sodium thiopental 2% solution given slowly intravenously or chloral hydrate (100-200 mL of a 2% solution) by rectal infusion. In the event of progression of the curare-like effect to paralysis of the respiratory muscles, artificial respiration should be instituted and maintained until effective respiratory action returns.

In rats, the LD for hyoscyamine is 375 mg/kg. Levbid is dialyzable.


How should I store and handle Levbid?

Levbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USALevbid (hyoscyamine sulfate 0.375 mg) extended-release tablets are white, capsule-shaped tablets. They are coded AP on one side and 115 on the other.Bottles of 100       NDC 68220-115-10Store at controlled room temperature 20°-25°C (68°- 77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°- 86°F). Please refer to current USP.Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers as defined in USP/NF with a child-resistant closure.KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENAlso available as:Manufactured for:ALAVEN PHARMACEUTICAL LLCMarietta, GA 30067Or call toll free 1-888-317-0001500359   115      Rev. 01/08Printed in USA


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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

No Image found
Clinical Pharmacology

Levbid inhibits specifically the actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves and on smooth muscles that respond to acetylcholine but lack cholinergic innervation. These peripheral cholinergic receptors are present in the autonomic effector cells of the smooth muscle, the cardiac muscle, the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, and the exocrine glands. At therapeutic doses, it is completely devoid of any action on autonomic ganglia. Levbid inhibits gastrointestinal propulsive motility and decreases gastric acid secretion. Levbid also controls excessive pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.

Hyoscyamine sulfate is absorbed totally and completely by oral administration. Once absorbed, it disappears rapidly from the blood and is distributed throughout the entire body: the half-life is 2 to 3 ½ hours. Hyoscyamine sulfate is partly hydrolyzed to tropic acid and tropine but the majority of the drug is excreted in the urine unchanged within the first 12 hours. Only traces of this drug are found in breast milk. Hyoscyamine sulfate passes the blood brain barrier and the placental barrier.

Levbid releases 0.375 mg hyoscyamine sulfate at a controlled and predictable rate for 12 hours. The mean peak plasma concentration occurred at 4.20 hours. The mean (±SEM) apparent plasma elimination half-life is 7.47 hours (±0.60). Tablets may not completely disintegrate and may be excreted by some patients.

Non-Clinical Toxicology
Glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract (as in achalasia, pyloroduodenal stenosis); paralytic ileus, intestinal atony of elderly or debilitated patients; unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic megacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; myasthenia gravis.

In the presence of high environmental temperature, heat prostration can occur with drug use (fever and heat stroke due to decreased sweating). Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy. In this instance, treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful. Like other anticholinergic agents, Levbid may produce drowsiness, dizziness or blurred vision. In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery or to perform hazardous work while taking this drug.

Psychosis has been reported in sensitive individuals given anticholinergic drugs including hyoscyamine sulfate. CNS signs and symptoms include confusion, disorientation, short term memory loss, hallucinations, dysarthria, ataxia, euphoria, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, agitation and mannerisms, and inappropriate affect. These CNS signs and symptoms usually resolve within 12 to 48 hours after discontinuation of the drug.

Drug Interactions:

Additive adverse effects resulting from cholinergic blockade may occur when Levbid is administered concomitantly with other antimuscarinics, amantadine, haloperidol, phenothiazines, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants or some antihistamines.

Antacids may interfere with the absorption of Levbid.

General:

Use with caution in patients with: autonomic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and renal disease. Investigate any tachycardia before giving any anticholinergic drugs since they may increase the heart rate. Use with caution in patients with hiatal hernia associated with reflux esophagitis.

All of the following adverse reactions have been reported with hyoscyamine sulfate. Adverse reactions may include dryness of the mouth; urinary hesitancy and retention; blurred vision; tachycardia; palpitations; mydriasis; increased ocular tension; loss of taste; headache; nervousness; drowsiness; weakness; fatigue; dizziness; insomnia; nausea; vomiting; impotence; constipation; bloated feeling; abdominal pain; diarrhea; allergic reactions or drug idiosyncrasies; urticaria and other dermal manifestations; ataxia; speech disturbance; some degree of mental confusion and/or excitement (especially in elderly persons); short-term memory loss; hallucinations; and decreased sweating.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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Clonazepam Description Each single-scored tablet, for oral administration, contains 0.5 mg, 1 mg, or 2 mg Clonazepam, USP, a benzodiazepine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. Clonazepam tablets USP 0.5 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake. Clonazepam tablets USP 1 mg contain Yellow D&C No. 10 Aluminum Lake, as well as FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake. Chemically, Clonazepam, USP is 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a light yellow crystalline powder. It has the following structural formula: C15H10ClN3O3 M.W. 315.72
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Interactions

Interactions

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