Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals

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Overview

What is Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals (potassium citrate and citric acid for oral solution) is a pleasant-tasting oral systemic alkalizer containing potassium citrate and citric acid in a sugar-free base.

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals contains in each unit dose packet:

Each unit dose packet, when reconstituted, provides 30 mEq potassium ion and is equivalent to 30 mEq bicarbonate (HCO).

What does Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals look like?

What are the available doses of Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

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How should I use Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals is an effective alkalinizing agent useful in those conditions where long-term maintenance of an alkaline urine is desirable, such as in patients with uric acid and cystine calculi of the urinary tract, especially when the administration of sodium salts is undesirable or contraindicated. In addition, it is a valuable adjuvant when administered with uricosuric agents in gout therapy, since urates tend to crystallize out of an acid urine. It is also effective in correcting the acidosis of certain renal tubular disorders where the administration of potassium citrate may be preferable. Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals is highly concentrated, and when administered after meals and before bedtime, allows one to maintain an alkaline urinary pH around the clock, usually without the necessity of a 2 A.M. dose. Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals alkalinizes the urine without producing a systemic alkalosis in recommended dosage. It is highly palatable, pleasant tasting, and tolerable, even when administered for long periods. Potassium citrate does not neutralize the gastric juice or disturb digestion.

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals should be taken mixed in cool water or juice according to directions, followed by additional water or juice, if desired. Proper dilution may help prevent gastrointestinal injury associated with the oral ingestion of concentrated potassium salt preparations.

Usual Adult Dose:

Usual Pediatric Dose:

Usual Dosage Range:

What interacts with Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Severe renal impairment with oliguria or azotemia, untreated Addison's disease, adynamia episodica hereditaria, acute dehydration, heat cramps, anuria, severe myocardial damage, and hyperkalemia from any cause.

What are the warnings of Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

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What are the precautions of Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

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What are the side effects of Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals is generally well tolerated without any unpleasant side effects when given in recommended doses to patients with normal renal function and urinary output. However, as with any alkalinizing agent, caution must be used in certain patients with abnormal renal mechanisms to avoid development of hyperkalemia or alkalosis. Potassium intoxication causes listlessness, weakness, mental confusion, tingling of extremities, and other symptoms associated with a high concentration of potassium in the serum. Periodic determinations of serum electrolytes should be carried out in those patients with renal disease in order to avoid these complications. Hyperkalemia may exhibit the following electrocardiographic abnormalities: Disappearance of the P wave, widening and slurring of QRS complex, changes of the S-T segment, tall peaked T waves, etc.

What should I look out for while using Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Severe renal impairment with oliguria or azotemia, untreated Addison's disease, adynamia episodica hereditaria, acute dehydration, heat cramps, anuria, severe myocardial damage, and hyperkalemia from any cause.

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What might happen if I take too much Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

The administration of oral potassium salts to persons with normal excretory mechanisms for potassium rarely causes serious hyperkalemia. However, if excretory mechanisms are impaired, hyperkalemia can result (see Contraindications and Warnings). Hyperkalemia, when detected, must be treated immediately because lethal levels can be reached in a few hours.

Treatment:

How should I store and handle Potassium Citrate Citric Acid Crystals?

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Keep tightly closed (protect from moisture). Protect from light.Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals - Unit Dose Packets, 100/box (NDC 76439-261-10).

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Clinical Information

Chemical Structure

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Clinical Pharmacology

Potassium citrate is absorbed and metabolized to potassium bicarbonate, thus acting as a systemic alkalizer. The effects are essentially those of chlorides before absorption and those of bicarbonates subsequently. Oxidation is virtually complete so that less than 5% of the potassium citrate is excreted in the urine unchanged.

Non-Clinical Toxicology

Severe renal impairment with oliguria or azotemia, untreated Addison's disease, adynamia episodica hereditaria, acute dehydration, heat cramps, anuria, severe myocardial damage, and hyperkalemia from any cause.

DRUG INTERACTIONS:

Array

Drugs which interact with vitamin B:

Drugs which interact with calcium:

There have been several reports, published and unpublished, concerning nonspecific small-bowel lesions consisting of stenosis, with or without ulceration, associated with the administration of enteric-coated thiazides with potassium salts. These lesions may occur with enteric-coated potassium tablets alone or when they are used with nonenteric-coated thiazides, or certain other oral diuretics. These small-bowel lesions have caused obstruction, hemorrhage, and perforation. Surgery was frequently required and deaths have occurred. Based on a large survey of physicians and hospitals, both United States and foreign, the incidence of these lesions is low, and a causal relationship in man has not been definitely established. Available information tends to implicate enteric-coated potassium salts, although lesions of this type also occur spontaneously. Therefore, coated potassium-containing formulations should be administered only when indicated, and should be discontinued immediately if abdominal pain, distention, nausea, vomiting, or gastrointestinal bleeding occur.

Large doses may cause hyperkalemia and alkalosis, especially in the presence of renal disease. Concurrent administration of potassium-containing medication, potassium-sparing diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or cardiac glycosides may lead to toxicity.

Do not exceed recommended dosage. Discontinue use if adverse reactions occur.

Should be used with caution by patients with low urinary output unless under the supervision of a physician. As with all liquids containing a high concentration of potassium, patients should be directed to dilute adequately with water to minimize the possibility of gastrointestinal injury associated with the oral ingestion of concentrated potassium salt preparations; and preferably, to take each dose after meals to avoid saline laxative effect.

Potassium Citrate - Citric Acid Crystals is generally well tolerated without any unpleasant side effects when given in recommended doses to patients with normal renal function and urinary output. However, as with any alkalinizing agent, caution must be used in certain patients with abnormal renal mechanisms to avoid development of hyperkalemia or alkalosis. Potassium intoxication causes listlessness, weakness, mental confusion, tingling of extremities, and other symptoms associated with a high concentration of potassium in the serum. Periodic determinations of serum electrolytes should be carried out in those patients with renal disease in order to avoid these complications. Hyperkalemia may exhibit the following electrocardiographic abnormalities: Disappearance of the P wave, widening and slurring of QRS complex, changes of the S-T segment, tall peaked T waves, etc.

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Reference

This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"

While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.

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