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vasopressin
Overview
What is VASOPRESSIN?
Vasopressin Injection, USP is a sterile solution of synthetic vasopressin of the posterior pituitary gland for intramuscular (IM) or subcutaneous use. It is substantially free from the oxytocic principle and is standardized to contain 20 pressor units/mL. The chemical name is Vasopressin, 8-L-arginine and has the following structural formula:
Each mL contains: 20 USP Vasopressin Units, chlorobutanol (anhydrous) 5 mg as preservative; Water for Injection q.s. Glacial acetic acid and/or sodium hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment (2.4-4.5).
What does VASOPRESSIN look like?
What are the available doses of VASOPRESSIN?
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What should I talk to my health care provider before I take VASOPRESSIN?
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How should I use VASOPRESSIN?
Vasopressin Injection, USP is indicated for prevention and treatment of postoperative abdominal distention, in abdominal roentgenography to dispel interfering gas shadows and in diabetes insipidus.
Vasopressin Injection may be administered IM or subcutaneously.
Ten units (0.5 mL) of Vasopressin Injection will usually elicit full physiologic response in adult patients; 5 units (0.25 mL) will be adequate in many cases. Vasopressin Injection should be given IM at three or four hour intervals as needed. The dosage should be proportionately reduced for pediatric patients. (For an additional discussion of dosage, consult the sections below.)
When determining the dose of Vasopressin Injection for a given case, the following should be kept in mind:
It is particularly desirable to give a dose not much larger than is just sufficient to elicit the desired physiologic response. Excessive doses may cause undesirable side effects-blanching of the skin, abdominal cramps, nausea-which, though not serious, may be alarming to the patient. Spontaneous recovery from such side effects occurs in a few minutes. It has been found that one or two glasses of water given at the time Vasopressin Injection is administered reduces such symptoms.
What interacts with VASOPRESSIN?
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What are the warnings of VASOPRESSIN?
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What are the precautions of VASOPRESSIN?
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What are the side effects of VASOPRESSIN?
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What should I look out for while using VASOPRESSIN?
Anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity to the drug or its components.
This drug should not be used in patients with vascular disease, especially disease of the coronary arteries, except with extreme caution. In such patients, even small doses may precipitate anginal pain, and with larger doses, the possibility of myocardial infarction should be considered.
Vasopressin may produce water intoxication. The early signs of drowsiness, listlessness and headaches should be recognized to prevent terminal coma and convulsions.
What might happen if I take too much VASOPRESSIN?
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How should I store and handle VASOPRESSIN?
Storage: Store Naftifine Hydrochloride Cream USP, 2% at ° [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].Do not freeze.Vial stoppers do not contain natural rubber latex.APPAPP PHARMACEUTICALS, LLCSchaumburg, IL 6017345875ERevised: March 2010
Clinical Information
Chemical Structure
No Image foundClinical Pharmacology
The antidiuretic action of vasopressin is ascribed to increasing reabsorption of water by the renal tubules.
Vasopressin can cause contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract and of all parts of the vascular bed, especially the capillaries, small arterioles and venules with less effect on the smooth musculature of the large veins. The direct effect on the contractile elements is neither antagonized by adrenergic blocking agents nor prevented by vascular denervation.
Following subcutaneous or intramuscular administration of vasopressin injection, the duration of antidiuretic activity is variable but effects are usually maintained for 2 to 8 hours.
The majority of a dose of vasopressin is metabolized and rapidly destroyed in the liver and kidneys. Vasopressin has a plasma half-life of about 10 to 20 minutes. Approximately 5% of a subcutaneous dose of vasopressin is excreted in urine unchanged after 4 hours.
Non-Clinical Toxicology
Anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity to the drug or its components.This drug should not be used in patients with vascular disease, especially disease of the coronary arteries, except with extreme caution. In such patients, even small doses may precipitate anginal pain, and with larger doses, the possibility of myocardial infarction should be considered.
Vasopressin may produce water intoxication. The early signs of drowsiness, listlessness and headaches should be recognized to prevent terminal coma and convulsions.
Vasopressin should be used cautiously in the presence of epilepsy, migraine, asthma, heart failure or any state in which a rapid addition to extracellular water may produce hazard for an already overburdened system.
Chronic nephritis with nitrogen retention contraindicates the use of vasopressin until reasonable nitrogen blood levels have been attained.
Local or systemic allergic reactions may occur in hypersensitive individuals. The following side effects have been reported following the administration of vasopressin:
Body as a Whole
Anaphylaxis (cardiac arrest and/or shock) has been observed shortly after injection of vasopressin.
Cardiovascular
Cardiac arrest, circumoral pallor, arrhythmias, decreased cardiac output, angina, myocardial ischemia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and gangrene.
Gastrointestinal
Abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, passage of gas.
Nervous System
Tremor, vertigo, "pounding" in head.
Respiratory
Bronchial constriction.
Skin and Appendages
Sweating, urticaria, cutaneous gangrene.
Overdosage
Water intoxication may be treated with water restriction and temporary withdrawal of vasopressin until polyuria occurs. Severe water intoxication may require osmotic diuresis with mannitol, hypertonic dextrose, or urea alone or with furosemide.
Reference
This information is obtained from the National Institute of Health's Standard Packaging Label drug database.
"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/"
While we update our database periodically, we cannot guarantee it is always updated to the latest version.
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